Compound nucleus reactions

The theories of compound nucleus reactions to discrete and continuum states are reviewed and compared with experimental data. In particular, the Weisskopf-Ewing, Hauser-Feshbach, and Feshbach-Kerman-Koonin theories are described and their range of validity investigated. Recent work on the width fluctuation correction and the elastic enhancement factor is included in the review.

[1]  L. Biedenharn,et al.  The Angular Distribution of Scattering and Reaction Cross Sections , 1952 .

[2]  L. Veeser,et al.  Cross sections for (n,2n) and (n,3n) reactions above 14 MeV , 1977 .

[3]  R. Huby.  RESEARCH NOTES: Phase of Matrix Elements in Nuclear Reactions and Radioactive Decay , 1954 .

[4]  A. Gallmann,et al.  Analyse des reactions 25Mg(p,p)25Mg et 24Mg(d,p)25Mg à 5 et à 6 MeV , 1966 .

[5]  P. Moldauer.  Sum Rule for Resonance Reactions , 1967 .

[6]  Thomas,et al.  26Al(n,p)26Mg reaction: Comparison between the Hauser-Feshbach formula and the exact random-matrix result for the cross section. , 1986, Physical review. C, Nuclear physics.

[7]  P. Moldauer.  Unitary Models of Nuclear Resonance Reactions , 1967 .

[8]  S. N. Ghoshal.  An Experimental Verification of the Theory of Compound Nucleus , 1950 .

[9]  A. G. W. Cameron,et al.  A COMPOSITE NUCLEAR-LEVEL DENSITY FORMULA WITH SHELL CORRECTIONS , 1965 .

[10]  F. L. Hassler,et al.  Neutron-Induced Reactions in Third and Fourth Shell Nuclei , 1962 .

[11]  S. Yoshida,et al.  Calculation of the time-development function for proton inelastic scattering near isobaric analogue resonances☆ , 1975 .

[12]  Erich Vogt,et al.  Theory of Low Energy Nuclear Reactions , 1962 .

[13]  D. L. Allan.  An experimental test of the statistical theory of nuclear reactions , 1961 .

[14]  H. Weidenmüller,et al.  The statistical theory of nuclear reactions for strongly overlapping resonances as a theory of transport phenomena , 1975 .

[15]  P. Moldauer,et al.  Statistics and the average cross section , 1980 .

[16]  C. Goodman,et al.  Measurements of (n, α) Cross Sections at 14 Mev , 1958 .

[17]  A. B. Tucker,et al.  INELASTIC NEUTRON SCATTERING NEAR THRESHOLD , 1965 .

[18]  J. W. Tepel,et al.  Hauser-Feshbach calculations in the presence of weakly absorbing channels with special reference to the elastic enhancement factor and the factorization assumption , 1980 .

[19]  Herman Feshbach,et al.  The statistical theory of multi-step compound and direct reactions , 1980 .

[20]  Victor F. Weisskopf,et al.  On the Yield of Nuclear Reactions with Heavy Elements , 1940 .

[21]  R. Booth,et al.  NONELASTIC NEUTRON CROSS SECTIONS AT 14 Mev , 1957 .

[22]  L. Milazzo,et al.  Statistical multistep compound emission in the /sup 27/Al(/sup 3/He,p)/sup 29/Si reaction , 1980 .

[23]  W. F. Davidson,et al.  Compound and direct processes in proton elastic scattering from 31P and 62Ni , 1969 .

[24]  R. Thomas.  COLLISION MATRICES FOR THE COMPOUND NUCLEUS , 1955 .

[25]  F. Mann,et al.  Observation of Wigner cusps in the 64Ni(p, γ)65 Cu reaction☆ , 1975 .

[26]  J. Zyskind,et al.  Test of global Hauser-Feshbach calculations for proton-induced reactions on /sup 68/Zn , 1981 .

[27]  R. S. Storey,et al.  Experiments involving the Emission of Particles from Compound Nuclei , 1960 .

[28]  Herman Feshbach,et al.  The Inelastic Scattering of Neutrons , 1952 .

[29]  H. Morinaga.  Effects of Isotopic Spin Selection Rules on Photonuclear Yields , 1955 .

[30]  F. M. Clikeman,et al.  The level structure of 181Ta from (n, n′γ) experiments , 1970 .

[31]  P. Moldauer.  Nuclear cross section fluctuations , 1964 .

[32]  L. Colombo,et al.  Two body residual interaction in the statistical multistep compound and direct theories , 1983 .

[33]  H. Harney,et al.  A statistical model analysis of fluctuations in the elastic and inelastic proton scattering on 54Cr and 56Fe , 1969 .

[34]  P. Hodgson,et al.  Pre-equilibrium processes in the reactions of neutrons on 59Co and 93Nb , 1986 .

[35]  P. J. Daly,et al.  Test of the independence hypothesis in the decay of the 210Po compound nucleus , 1970 .

[36]  W. Witsch,et al.  Direct and compound nuclear reaction mechanisms in 26Mg(p, p)26Mg , 1968 .

[37]  R. W. Fink,et al.  New isotopes of cobalt; Activation cross-sections of nickel, cobalt, and zinc for 14.8 MeV neutrons , 1960 .

[38]  A. Cameron,et al.  RELATION BETWEEN NUCLEAR LEVEL DENSITY PARAMETERS AND MASS SHELL CORRECTIONS. , 1969 .

[39]  P. Moldauer.  RESONANCE WIDTHS AND SPACINGS: THEIR AVERAGES AND DISTRIBUTIONS. , 1968 .

[40]  P. Moldauer.  STATISTICAL THEORY OF INTERMEDIATE RESONANCES. , 1967 .

[41]  P. Moldauer.  AVERAGE RESONANCE WIDTHS IN SINGLE-CHANNEL SCATTERING. , 1969 .

[42]  R. Thomas,et al.  R-Matrix Theory of Nuclear Reactions , 1958 .

[43]  Hans A. Bethe,et al.  Nuclear Physics B. Nuclear Dynamics, Theoretical , 1937 .

[44]  F. C. Williams.  Particle-hole state density in the uniform spacing model , 1971 .

[45]  V. Weisskopf,et al.  Statistics and Nuclear Reactionsl , 1937 .

[46]  A. Marcinkowski,et al.  Particle-hole state densities for calculation of the multi-step compound emission , 1985 .

[47]  P. Hodgson,et al.  Neutron scattering and reactions on 59Co from 1-20 MeV , 1985 .

[48]  A. Marcinkowski,et al.  Statistical multi-step compound emission in (n, 2n) reactions , 1984 .

[49]  N. Bohr.  Neutron Capture and Nuclear Constitution , 1936, Nature.

[50]  K. R. Alvar,et al.  Proton energy and angular distributions from (n, p) and (n, np) reactions , 1972 .

[51]  P. Hodgson,et al.  Pre-equilibrium processes in nuclear reaction theory: the state of the art and beyond , 1986 .

[52]  H. Weidenmuller,et al.  Recent developments in compound-nucleus theory , 1979 .

[53]  R. Henneck,et al.  On the separation of the direct reaction contribution in fluctuating cross sections by the use of polarized particles , 1977 .

[54]  L. Milazzo,et al.  Interpretation of some (p,n), (n,p), and (/sup 3/He, p) reactions by means of the statistical multistep compound emission theory , 1983 .

[55]  P. Moldauer.  Theory of Average Neutron Reaction Cross Sections in the Resonance Region , 1961 .

[56]  A. Lane,et al.  Fast Neutron Capture below 1 MeV: The Cross Sections for 238U and 232Th , 1957 .

[57]  J. Zyskind,et al.  Cross section measurements and thermonuclear reaction rates for 48 Ca(p, γ) 49 Sc and 48 Ca(p, n) 48 Sc , 1979 .

[58]  E. Gadioli,et al.  Study of the27Al(d, α)25Mg and27Al(d, p)28al nuclear reactions at 2 MeV deuteron energy , 1965 .

[59]  G. R. Satchler.  Average compound nucleus cross sections in the continuum , 1963 .

[60]  J. Verbaarschot.  Investigation of the formula for the average of two S-matrix elements in compound nucleus reactions , 1986 .

[61]  P. Moldauer.  STATISTICAL THEORY OF NUCLEAR COLLISION CROSS SECTIONS , 1964 .

[62]  P. Bizzeti,et al.  Isospin selection rule in the 28Si(d, α)26Al reaction , 1968 .

[63]  T. Mayer-Kuckuk,et al.  Study of the reaction mechanism in Mg26(p,p) by an analysis of cross section fluctuations , 1964 .

[64]  J. S. Levin,et al.  IDENTIFICATION OF ZERO-SPIN STATES BY INELASTIC NEUTRON SCATTERING , 1963 .

[65]  L. Milazzo,et al.  An analysis of fluctuations connected with the precompound and compound emission in the27Al(3He, p) reaction , 1980 .

[66]  R. Reedy,et al.  STUDY OF THE PARTICLES EMITTED FROM $sup 75$Br COMPOUND NUCLEI FORMED IN TWO WAYS: $sup 12$C + $sup 63$Cu AND $sup 16$O + $sup 59$Co. , 1968 .

[67]  V. Weisskopf,et al.  Theoretical Nuclear Physics , 1953 .

[68]  W. E. Meyerhof.  Threshold Effect in Elastic Scattering According to the Optical Model , 1962 .

[69]  R. Owens,et al.  Absolute level densities from neutron inelastic scattering , 1967 .

[70]  E. Vogt,et al.  NUCLEAR OPTICAL MODEL AND WAVE PROPERTIES: BARRIER PENETRATION, REFLECTION, ABSORPTION, AND RESONANCE. , 1970 .

[71]  G. Bertsch,et al.  REVIEW ARTICLE: The (p,n) reaction and the nucleon-nucleon force , 1987 .

[72]  W. Grochulski,et al.  Isomeric cross-section ratios and total cross sections for the 59Co(n, 2n)58g, mCo, 58Ni(n, p)58g, mCo and 59Co(γ, n)58g, mCo reactions , 1968 .

[73]  J. Ernst,et al.  Compound elastic cross section in 56Fe(p, po) at about 10 MeV proton energy , 1965 .

[74]  E. Wigner.  On the Behavior of Cross Sections Near Thresholds , 1948 .

[75]  J. W. Tepel,et al.  Direct reactions and Hauser--Feshbach theory , 1975 .

[76]  P. A. Mello,et al.  Ericson fluctuations in the nested-doorway model☆ , 1981 .

[77]  J. Marion,et al.  Fast Neutron Physics , 1964 .

[78]  I. Iori,et al.  Evaporation mechanism and direct effect in n, p reactions on medium weight nuclei , 1961 .

[79]  W. Kretschmer,et al.  Model-Independent Determination of the Compound-Elastic Enhancement Factor in a Polarized-Proton Fluctuation Experiment , 1978 .