Bacterial foraging optimization and adaptive version for economically optimum sitting, sizing and harmonic tuning orders setting of LC harmonic passive power filters in radial distribution systems with linear and nonlinear loads

This paper presents the optimizing location, size and harmonic tuning orders of passive filters in distribution system in presence of linear and nonlinear load.The objective is to reach standard levels of harmonic distortion with applying minimum cost of passive filters.The bacterial foraging optimization (BFO) algorithm is used for optimization procedure in this research. This paper presents bacterial foraging optimization (BFO) algorithm and its adaptive version to optimize the planning of passive harmonic filters (PHFs).The important problem of using PHFs is determining location, size and harmonic tuning orders of them, which is reach standard levels of harmonic distortion with applying minimum cost of passive filters.In this study to optimize the PHFs location, size and setting the harmonic tuning orders in the distribution system, considered objective function includes the reduction of power loss and investment cost of PHFs. At the same time, constraints include voltage limits, number/size of installed PHFs, limit candidate buses for PHFs installation and the voltage total harmonic distortion (THDv) in all buses. The harmonic levels of system are obtained by current injections method and the load flow is solved by the iterative method of power sum, which is suitable for the accuracy requirements of this type of study. It is shown that through an economical placement and sizing of PHFs the total voltage harmonic distortion and active power loss could be minimized simultaneously.The considered objective function is of highly non-convex manner, and also has several constraints. On the other hand due to significant computational time reduction and faster convergence of BFO in comparison with other intelligent optimization approach such as genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO) and artificial bee colony (ABC) the simple version of BFO has been implemented. Of course other versions of BFO such as Adaptive BFO and combination of BFO with other method due to complexity of harmonic optimization problem have not considered in this research.The simulation results for small scale test system with 10 buses, showed the significant computational time reduction and faster convergence of BFO in comparison with GA, PSO and ABC. Therefore in large scale radial system with 34 buses, the proposed method is solved using BFO.The simulation results for a 10-bus system as a small scale and 34-bus radial system as a large scale show that the proposed method is efficient for solving the presented problem.

[1]  Seyed Abbas Taher,et al.  A novel method for optimal capacitor placement and sizing in distribution systems with nonlinear loads and DG using GA , 2011 .

[2]  Bhim Singh,et al.  Optimized Passive Filter Design Using Modified Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for a 12-Pulse Converter-Fed LCI–Synchronous Motor Drive , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[3]  Ali I. Maswood.  Harmonics, Sources, Effects and Mitigation Techniques , 2002 .

[4]  Eduardo Caicedo Bravo,et al.  Simplifying the Bacteria Foraging Optimization Algorithm , 2010, IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation.

[5]  Takashi Hiyama,et al.  Distribution System Harmonic Filter Planning , 1996, IEEE Power Engineering Review.

[6]  Hirofumi Akagi,et al.  Modern active filters and traditional passive filters , 2006 .

[7]  G. W. Swift,et al.  Effects of harmonics on converter transformer load losses , 1988 .

[8]  Wael Mansour Korani.  Bacterial foraging oriented by Particle Swarm Optimization strategy for PID tuning , 2009, 2009 IEEE International Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Robotics and Automation - (CIRA).

[9]  Bhim Singh,et al.  Genetic-Algorithm-Based Design of Passive Filters for Offshore Applications , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[10]  A. E. Emanuel,et al.  Passive shunt harmonic filters for low and medium voltage: a cost comparison study , 1996 .

[11]  Hassan M. Emara,et al.  Bacterial foraging oriented by Particle Swarm Optimization strategy for PID tuning , 2009, CIRA.

[12]  Takashi Hiyama,et al.  Distribution System Harmonic Filter Planning , 1996 .

[13]  Chinyao Low,et al.  An application of sequential neural-network approximation for sitting and sizing passive harmonic filters , 2009, Expert Syst. Appl..

[14]  R. Srinivasas Rao,et al.  Optimal capacitor placement in a radial distribution system using Plant Growth Simulation Algorithm , 2008 .

[15]  Yaow-Ming Chen,et al.  Passive filter design using genetic algorithms , 2003, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron..

[16]  Zhou Juan,et al.  Optimal design of passive power filters of an asymmetrical system based on genetic algorithm , 2009 .

[17]  B.A. Souza,et al.  Harmonic passive filter planning in radial distribution systems using microgenetic algorithms , 2004, 2004 11th International Conference on Harmonics and Quality of Power (IEEE Cat. No.04EX951).

[18]  Adi Soeprijanto,et al.  Capacitor Placement and Sizing in Distorted Distribution Systems Using Simplified Direct Search Algorithm , 2014 .

[19]  G. W. Massey.  Estimation methods for power system harmonic effects on power distribution transformers , 1993, [Proceedings] 1993 Rural Electric Power Conference. Papers Presented at the 37th Annual Conference.

[20]  J. N. Garcez,et al.  Development of experimental models for harmonic representation of low voltage customers , 2001, 2001 IEEE Porto Power Tech Proceedings (Cat. No.01EX502).

[21]  Kevin M. Passino,et al.  Biomimicry of bacterial foraging for distributed optimization and control , 2002 .

[22]  Ubiratan Holanda Bezerra,et al.  Determination of the R-L-C parameters of a passive harmonic filter using genetic algorithm , 2002, 10th International Conference on Harmonics and Quality of Power. Proceedings (Cat. No.02EX630).

[23]  P. J. Rose,et al.  Harmonics: the effects on power quality and transformers , 1994 .

[24]  Shesha H. Jayaram,et al.  Capacitor placement in distribution systems using heuristic search strategies , 1997 .

[25]  Gulderen Yildirmaz,et al.  The effects of the harmonic components upon transformer active losses in case of (non)sinusoidal sources and (non)linear loads , 2000, Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology 2000 (IEEE Cat. No.00TH8482).

[26]  Paulo F. Ribeiro,et al.  Guidelines On Distribution System And Load Representation For Harmonic Studies , 1992, ICHPS V International Conference on Harmonics in Power Systems..

[27]  Athanasios V. Vasilakos,et al.  Optimal filter design using an improved artificial bee colony algorithm , 2014, Inf. Sci..