Manejo químico de convolvulaceae e euphorbiaceae em cana-de-açúcar em período de estiagem

Different species of the Convolvulaceae and Euphorbiaceae family infest sugarcane culture rapidly and aggressively, especially in areas covered by the unburned straw remaining from the harvest. This infestation, combined with extensive cultivation areas, have made it difficult to manage the chemical application exclusively during the rainy season of the year, forcing producers to apply the herbicides also during the drought period. Within this context, this work aimed to study the persistence of the herbicides applied during drought in resisting bad weather until the start of the rainy season, by evaluating the control over the species of the genera Ipomoea, Merremia and Euphorbia. The experimental design was a randomized block with 42 treatments distributed in a split-plot with six replications. The herbicides amicarbazone (1050 g ha-1 ); imazapic (122,5 g ha-1 ); sulfentrazone (600 g ha-1 ) and associations clomazone (1000 g ha-1 ) + hexazinone (250 g ha-1 ); sulfentrazone (600 g ha-1 ) + diurom (936 g ha-1 ) + hexazinone (264 g ha-1 ); sulfentrazone (500 g ha-1) + amicarbazone (700 g ha-1 ) and control were allocated to the plots. The species Ipomoea nil, I. hederifolia, I. quamoclit, I. grandifolia, Merremia aegyptia and Euphorbia heterophylla were sown directly into the soil, covered with the equivalent of 15 t ha-1 sugarcane straw and allocated to the sub-plots. After herbicide application, 70 days without rain were recorded, with water stress rendering evaluation impossible, since no weed emergence occurred in all treatments. However, in the beginning of the rainy season 90 days after treatment, evaluations on the effectiveness of weed emergence could be carried out. At 150 DAT (days after treatments), the herbicides sulfentrazone and sulfentrazone, associated with amicarbazone, were the most persistent and presented an effective control mean over 85%, considering all species when compared with the control.