Three-Dimensional Seismic Response of Humboldt Bay Bridge-Foundation-Ground System

Soil-structure interaction may play a major role in the seismic response of a bridge structure. Specifically, soil layers of low stiffness and strength may result in permanent displacement of the abutments and foundations, thus imposing important kinematic conditions to the bridge structure. A study to illustrate such phenomena is undertaken based on three-dimensional nonlinear dynamic finite-element (FE) modeling and analysis (for a specific bridge configuration under a given seismic excitation). A bridge-foundation-ground model is developed based on the structural configuration and local soil conditions of the Humboldt Bay Middle Channel Bridge. The FE model and nonlinear solution strategy are built in the open-source software platform OpenSees of the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center. Based on the simulation results, the overall system seismic response behavior is examined, as well as local deformations/stresses at selected critical locations. It is shown that permanent ground deformation may induce settlement and longitudinal/transversal displacements of the abutments and deep foundations. The relatively massive approach ramps may also contribute to this simulated damage condition, which imposes large stresses on the bridge foundations, supporting piers, and superstructure.

[1]  J. Mander,et al.  Theoretical stress strain model for confined concrete , 1988 .

[2]  S. Kramer.  Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering , 1996 .

[3]  Azm S. Al-Homoud,et al.  BACK ANALYSIS TECHNIQUE FOR SLOPE STABILIZATION WORKS OF EMBANKMENT LANDSLIDE DUE TO FOUNDATION INSTABILITY , 1998 .

[4]  Sara Casciati,et al.  Dynamic FE analysis of South Memnon Colossus including 3D soil–foundation–structure interaction , 2004 .

[5]  J. Bielak,et al.  Domain Reduction Method for Three-Dimensional Earthquake Modeling in Localized Regions, Part II: Verification and Applications , 2001 .

[6]  Linjun Yan,et al.  Sensor data analysis and information extraction for structural health monitoring , 2006 .

[7]  Ender Jose Parra-Colmenares.  Numerical modeling of liquefaction and lateral ground deformation including cyclic mobility and dilation response in soil systems , 1996 .

[8]  Sashi K. Kunnath,et al.  Influence of soil–foundation–structure interaction on seismic response of the I-880 viaduct , 2004 .

[9]  Keith Porter,et al.  An Overview of PEER's Performance-Based Earthquake Engineering Methodology , 2003 .

[10]  G. Gudehus.  A COMPREHENSIVE CONSTITUTIVE EQUATION FOR GRANULAR MATERIALS , 1996 .

[11]  地盤工学会.  Special issue on geotechnical aspects of the January 17 1995 Hyogoken-Nambu Earthquake , 1996 .

[12]  Chu-Kia Wang,et al.  Reinforced Concrete Design , 1965 .

[13]  S. Hartzell,et al.  Application of an iterative least-squares waveform inversion of strong-motion and teleseismic records to the 1978 Tabas, Iran, earthquake , 1991 .

[14]  Wilfred D. Iwan,et al.  On a Class of Models for the Yielding Behavior of Continuous and Composite Systems , 1967 .

[15]  K. Law,et al.  An implementation of a generalized sparse/profile finite element solution method , 1991 .

[16]  Kincho H. Law,et al.  A Prototype Software Framework for Internet-Enabled Collaborative Development of a Structural Analysis Program , 2002, Engineering with Computers.

[17]  Joel P. Conte,et al.  Two-Dimensional Nonlinear Earthquake Response Analysis of a Bridge-Foundation-Ground System , 2008 .

[18]  P. I Yanev,et al.  Hokkaido Nansei-oki, Japan Earthquake of July 12, 1993 , 1993 .

[19]  Zenon Mróz,et al.  On the description of anisotropic workhardening , 1967 .

[20]  Gregory L. Fenves,et al.  Object-oriented finite element programming: frameworks for analysis, algorithms and parallel computing , 1997 .

[21]  Enrico Spacone,et al.  FIBRE BEAM–COLUMN MODEL FOR NON‐LINEAR ANALYSIS OF R/C FRAMES: PART I. FORMULATION , 1996 .

[22]  L. John,et al.  Finite dynamic model for infinite media , 1969 .

[23]  S. H. Ju,et al.  Three-Dimensional Analyses of Wave Barriers for Reduction of Train-Induced Vibrations , 2004 .

[24]  Kincho H. Law,et al.  A parallel row-oriented sparse solution method for finite element structural analysis , 1992 .

[25]  R. L. Kondner.  Hyperbolic Stress-Strain Response: Cohesive Soils , 1963 .

[26]  R. Park,et al.  Stress-Strain Behavior of Concrete Confined by Overlapping Hoops at Low and High Strain Rates , 1982 .

[27]  B. Jeremić,et al.  Study of Soil Layering Effects on Lateral Loading Behavior of Piles , 2005 .

[28]  栗林 栄一,et al.  The Japan's earthquake in Kobe of January 17, 1995 (The Hyogoken Nanbu Earthquake) : a reconnaissance report , 1995 .

[29]  R. Park,et al.  Flexural Members with Confined Concrete , 1971 .

[30]  R. Pyke,et al.  NONLINEAR SOIL MODELS FOR IRREGULAR CYCLIC LOADINGS , 1979 .

[31]  P. Comba,et al.  Part I. Theory , 2007 .

[32]  Jean H. Prevost,et al.  PLASTICITY THEORY FOR SOIL STRESS-STRAIN BEHAVIOR , 1978 .

[33]  Ahmed Elgamal,et al.  Identification and modeling of earthquake ground response — I. Site amplification , 1996 .

[34]  J. Bielak,et al.  Domain Reduction Method for Three-Dimensional Earthquake Modeling in Localized Regions, Part I: Theory , 2003 .

[35]  R. M. Souza.  Force-based Finite Element for Large Displacement Inelastic Analysis of Frames , 2000 .

[36]  Kincho H. Law,et al.  An Internet-Enabled Software Framework for Collaborative Development of Structural Analysis Program , 2000 .