Ephedrine Versus Phenylephrine as a Vasopressor for Spinal Anaesthesia-induced Hypotension in Parturients Undergoing High-risk Caesarean Section: Meta-analysis, Meta-regression, and Trial Sequential Analysis

group with a BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 experienced better firstattempt success and lower needle passes, whereas the landmark group with a BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 had a longer procedure time overall. Eight patients in the landmark group had an unsuccessful dural puncture; no patients in either group reported postoperative headache, backache, neurological complications, or radicular pain. After conducting their study, the investigators concluded that lateral-positioned, ultrasound-guided anesthesia insertion can significantly improve the likelihood of firstattempt placement success in obese parturients. This improvement can lead to a reduction in the number of needle passes, skin punctures, and total procedure time, resulting in a higher level of patient satisfaction.