DESCRIBING AND STRUCTURING OBJECTS FOR CONCEPTUAL SCHEMA DEVELOPMENT

The concept of object, as an "entity" that has an identity independent of its state, that encapsulates a collection of attributes (its private memory) which it is able to manipulate according to a well defined set of actions, and that is able to interact with other objects, has been progressively evolving from a programming construct into one of the most powerful abstractions for structuring software development in general [e.g. 4, 46], and information systems and databases in particular [e.g. 2, 11, 40, 45, 55, 59]. Indeed, by incorporating states and behaviour, the concept of object is rich enough to capture the wide variety of phenomena that is usually involved in systems modelling, so that it becomes possible to consider each layer of the systems development process to be structured uniformly as a collection of interacting objects.

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