Two-Dimensional Stretchable Organic Light-Emitting Devices with High Efficiency.

Stretchable organic light-emitting devices (SOLEDs) with two-dimensional (2D) stretchability are superior to one-dimensional (1D) SOLEDs in most practical applications such as wearable electronics and electronic skins and therefore attract a great deal of interest. However, the luminous efficiency of the 2D SOLEDs is still not practical for the purposes of commercial applications. This is due to the limitations on materials and structures from the physical and electrical damage caused by the complicated interactions of the anisotropic stress in 2D stretchable system. Here 2D SOLEDs with excellent stretchability and electroluminescence performance have been demonstrated based on an ultrathin and ultraflexible OLED and a buckling process. The devices endure tensile strain of 50% in area with a maximum efficiency of 79 cd A-1, which is the largest luminescent efficiency of 2D SOLEDs reported to date. The 2D SOLEDs survive continuous cyclic stretching and exhibit slight performance variations at different strain values. The 2D SOLEDs reported here have exhibited enormous potential for various practical applications.

[1]  Benjamin C. K. Tee,et al.  Stretchable Organic Solar Cells , 2011, Advanced materials.

[2]  Qibing Pei,et al.  Intrinsically stretchable and transparent thin-film transistors based on printable silver nanowires, carbon nanotubes and an elastomeric dielectric , 2015, Nature Communications.

[3]  Z. Suo,et al.  Mechanics of rollable and foldable film-on-foil electronics , 1999 .

[4]  Chao Gao,et al.  Highly Electrically Conductive Ag‐Doped Graphene Fibers as Stretchable Conductors , 2013, Advanced materials.

[5]  Mark A. Reed,et al.  Electrical Characterization of Self-Assembled Monolayers , 2018, Nano and Molecular Electronics Handbook.

[6]  Heung Cho Ko,et al.  A hemispherical electronic eye camera based on compressible silicon optoelectronics , 2008, Nature.

[7]  Xiaolong Wang,et al.  Stretchable Conductors with Ultrahigh Tensile Strain and Stable Metallic Conductance Enabled by Prestrained Polyelectrolyte Nanoplatforms , 2011, Advanced materials.

[8]  G. Whitesides,et al.  Eutectic gallium-indium (EGaIn): a moldable liquid metal for electrical characterization of self-assembled monolayers. , 2008, Angewandte Chemie.

[9]  T. Someya,et al.  A Rubberlike Stretchable Active Matrix Using Elastic Conductors , 2008, Science.

[10]  Pooi See Lee,et al.  Highly Stretchable and Self‐Deformable Alternating Current Electroluminescent Devices , 2015, Advanced materials.

[11]  Zhibin Yu,et al.  Elastomeric polymer light-emitting devices and displays , 2013, Nature Photonics.

[12]  Qidai Chen,et al.  Fabrication and Characterization of Organic Single Crystal‐Based Light‐Emitting Devices with Improved Contact Between the Metallic Electrodes and Crystal , 2014 .

[13]  S. J. French,et al.  THE SYSTEM GALLIUM-INDIUM , 1937 .

[14]  Cunjiang Yu,et al.  Stretchable Supercapacitors Based on Buckled Single‐Walled Carbon‐Nanotube Macrofilms , 2009, Advanced materials.

[15]  M. Kaltenbrunner,et al.  Ultraflexible organic photonic skin , 2016, Science Advances.

[16]  Yong Zhu,et al.  Highly Conductive and Stretchable Silver Nanowire Conductors , 2012, Advanced materials.

[17]  Wei Wang,et al.  Suspended Wavy Graphene Microribbons for Highly Stretchable Microsupercapacitors , 2015, Advanced materials.

[18]  Reinhard Schwödiauer,et al.  Flexible high power-per-weight perovskite solar cells with chromium oxide-metal contacts for improved stability in air. , 2015, Nature Materials.

[19]  D. Zrnić,et al.  On the resistivity and surface tension of the eutectic alloy of gallium and indium , 1969 .

[20]  T. Someya,et al.  Stretchable active-matrix organic light-emitting diode display using printable elastic conductors. , 2009, Nature materials.

[21]  Takao Someya,et al.  Ultrathin, highly flexible and stretchable PLEDs , 2013, Nature Photonics.

[22]  Hong-Bo Sun,et al.  Intrinsic Polarization and Tunable Color of Electroluminescence from Organic Single Crystal-based Light-Emitting Devices , 2015, Scientific Reports.

[23]  Makoto Mizukami,et al.  Fully-printed high-performance organic thin-film transistors and circuitry on one-micron-thick polymer films , 2014, Nature Communications.

[24]  Yonggang Huang,et al.  Printed Assemblies of Inorganic Light-Emitting Diodes for Deformable and Semitransparent Displays , 2009, Science.

[25]  Tetsuo Tsutsui,et al.  Control of emission characteristics in organic thin‐film electroluminescent diodes using an optical‐microcavity structure , 1993 .

[26]  Yonggang Huang,et al.  Waterproof AlInGaP optoelectronics on stretchable substrates with applications in biomedicine and robotics. , 2010, Nature materials.

[27]  Richard H. Friend,et al.  Suppressed angular color dispersion in planar microcavities , 1997 .

[28]  Sanlin S. Robinson,et al.  Highly stretchable electroluminescent skin for optical signaling and tactile sensing , 2016, Science.

[29]  Yonggang Huang,et al.  Stretchable and Foldable Silicon Integrated Circuits , 2008, Science.

[30]  Hong-Bo Sun,et al.  Efficient and mechanically robust stretchable organic light-emitting devices by a laser-programmable buckling process , 2016, Nature Communications.

[31]  M. Kaltenbrunner,et al.  Ultrathin and lightweight organic solar cells with high flexibility , 2012, Nature Communications.