Compter les globules blancs, analyser les partitions

Comparer, et plus generalement traiter, analyser ou indexer les sequences de caracteres constitue le champ de recherche de l''algorithmique du texte. Chercheur CNRS en informatique depuis fin 2006 dans le laboratoire LIFL, maintenant CRIStAL (UMR 9189, Universite de Lille), Mathieu Giraud a eu son parcours academique rythme par les comparaisons de sequences. Ce manuscrit d'habilitation decrit les deux projets dans lesquels il s'est investi les cinq dernieres annees. Au sein de l'equipe Bonsai, commune avec le centre Inria Lille, Mathieu mene avec Mikael Salson un projet de bioinformatique applique a l'hematologie et l'immunologie sur l'analyse des populations de lymphocytes par leurs recombinaisons V(D)J (« Compter les globules blancs »). Debute par une collaboration avec des collegues bioinformaticiens et hematologues de l'hopital de Lille, ce projet combine algorithmique pour l'immunologie et l'hematologie, developpement logiciel et applications fondamentales et cliniques. Le logiciel Vidjil concu par Mathieu et ses collegues est utilise regulierement par plusieurs laboratoires en France et a l'etranger, dont, en situation de routine, a l'hopital de Lille. Mathieu dirige aussi un projet d'informatique musicale (« Analyser les partitions »). Les humanites numeriques lient les methodes informatiques au patrimoine culturel et a la recherche en sciences humaines et sociales. Est-ce qu'un ordinateur peut comprendre la musique? L'equipe emergente Algomus, repartie entre les laboratoires MIS (Amiens, Univ. Picardie Jules Verne) et CRIStAL, rassemble expertise musicologique et competences algorithmiques pour proposer des methodes analysant les partitions musicales -- comparaison de motifs et d'accords, detection de textures, analyse de formes. Algomus mene des collaborations pluridisciplinaires avec des musicologues, des professeurs de musique et des artistes et realise des projets combinant science et art. Ce manuscrit se conclut par la description d'actions de mediation scientifique et artistique.

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