Sequential weighted Wiener estimation for extraction of key tissue parameters in color imaging: a phantom study

Abstract. Key tissue parameters, e.g., total hemoglobin concentration and tissue oxygenation, are important biomarkers in clinical diagnosis for various diseases. Although point measurement techniques based on diffuse reflectance spectroscopy can accurately recover these tissue parameters, they are not suitable for the examination of a large tissue region due to slow data acquisition. The previous imaging studies have shown that hemoglobin concentration and oxygenation can be estimated from color measurements with the assumption of known scattering properties, which is impractical in clinical applications. To overcome this limitation and speed-up image processing, we propose a method of sequential weighted Wiener estimation (WE) to quickly extract key tissue parameters, including total hemoglobin concentration (CtHb), hemoglobin oxygenation (StO2), scatterer density (α), and scattering power (β), from wide-band color measurements. This method takes advantage of the fact that each parameter is sensitive to the color measurements in a different way and attempts to maximize the contribution of those color measurements likely to generate correct results in WE. The method was evaluated on skin phantoms with varying CtHb, StO2, and scattering properties. The results demonstrate excellent agreement between the estimated tissue parameters and the corresponding reference values. Compared with traditional WE, the sequential weighted WE shows significant improvement in the estimation accuracy. This method could be used to monitor tissue parameters in an imaging setup in real time.

[1]  George Zonios,et al.  Comparative evaluation of two simple diffuse reflectance models for biological tissue applications. , 2008, Applied optics.

[2]  Daniel B. Mark,et al.  TUTORIAL IN BIOSTATISTICS MULTIVARIABLE PROGNOSTIC MODELS: ISSUES IN DEVELOPING MODELS, EVALUATING ASSUMPTIONS AND ADEQUACY, AND MEASURING AND REDUCING ERRORS , 1996 .

[3]  H. J. van Staveren,et al.  Light scattering in Intralipid-10% in the wavelength range of 400-1100 nm. , 1991, Applied optics.

[4]  Quan Liu,et al.  Modified Wiener estimation of diffuse reflectance spectra from RGB values by the synthesis of new colors for tissue measurements. , 2012, Journal of biomedical optics.

[5]  G. R. Kelman,et al.  Digital computer procedure for the conversion of PCO2 into blood CO2 content. , 1967, Respiration physiology.

[6]  T. Yuasa,et al.  Noninvasive imaging of human skin hemodynamics using a digital red-green-blue camera. , 2011, Journal of biomedical optics.

[7]  F. Harrell,et al.  Prognostic/Clinical Prediction Models: Multivariable Prognostic Models: Issues in Developing Models, Evaluating Assumptions and Adequacy, and Measuring and Reducing Errors , 2005 .

[8]  N. Ramanujam,et al.  Monte Carlo-based inverse model for calculating tissue optical properties. Part I: Theory and validation on synthetic phantoms. , 2006, Applied optics.

[9]  A. Casini,et al.  Multispectral Imaging System for the Mapping of Pigments in Works of Art by use of Principal-Component Analysis. , 1998, Applied optics.

[10]  Glenn Healey,et al.  Using reflectance models for color scanner calibration. , 2002, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision.

[11]  H. Worth,et al.  Oxygen saturation calculation procedures: A critical analysis of six equations for the determination of oxygen saturation , 2004, Intensive Care Medicine.

[12]  Karthik Vishwanath,et al.  A Robust Monte Carlo Model for the Extraction of Biological Absorption and Scattering In Vivo , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

[13]  C D Tran Development and analytical applications of multispectral imaging techniques: an overview. , 2001, Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry.

[14]  Clement Yuen,et al.  Recovery of Raman spectra with low signal-to-noise ratio using Wiener estimation. , 2014, Optics express.

[15]  R S Jacoby,et al.  A method for the estimation of the hemoglobin distribution in gastroscopic images. , 1996, International journal of bio-medical computing.

[16]  Anna N Yaroslavsky,et al.  Demarcation of nonmelanoma skin cancer margins in thick excisions using multispectral polarized light imaging. , 2003, The Journal of investigative dermatology.

[17]  Erik Reinhard,et al.  Color Transfer between Images , 2001, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications.

[18]  I. Meglinski,et al.  Quantitative assessment of skin layers absorption and skin reflectance spectra simulation in the visible and near-infrared spectral regions. , 2002, Physiological measurement.

[19]  Tuan Vo-Dinh,et al.  Spectral filtering modulation method for estimation of hemoglobin concentration and oxygenation based on a single fluorescence emission spectrum in tissue phantoms. , 2009, Medical physics.

[20]  Yi Hong Ong,et al.  Fast reconstruction of Raman spectra from narrow‐band measurements based on Wiener estimation , 2013 .

[21]  Jessica C. Ramella-Roman,et al.  Polarized light imaging with a handheld camera , 2003, Saratov Fall Meeting.

[22]  Costas Fotakis,et al.  Laser spectroscopic and optical imaging techniques in chemical and structural diagnostics of painted artwork , 1999 .

[23]  Yi Hong Ong,et al.  Multifocal noncontact color imaging for depth-sensitive fluorescence measurements of epithelial cancer. , 2014, Optics letters.

[24]  B. Tromberg,et al.  Sources of absorption and scattering contrast for near-infrared optical mammography. , 2001, Academic radiology.

[25]  George Zonios,et al.  Modeling diffuse reflectance from semi-infinite turbid media: application to the study of skin optical properties. , 2006, Optics express.

[26]  Russell V. Lenth Computer Intensive Statistical Methods: Validation, Model Selection, and Bootstrap , 1995 .

[27]  Alwin Kienle,et al.  Determination of the absorption and reduced scattering coefficients of human skin and bladder by spatial frequency domain reflectometry , 1998, European Conference on Biomedical Optics.

[28]  Hamid Dehghani,et al.  Near infrared optical tomography using NIRFAST: Algorithm for numerical model and image reconstruction. , 2009, Communications in numerical methods in engineering.

[29]  Chieu D. Tran Acousto-Optic Tunable Filter: A New Generation onochromator and more , 2000 .

[30]  Jessica C Ramella-Roman,et al.  Imaging skin pathology with polarized light. , 2002, Journal of biomedical optics.

[31]  M. Ringnér,et al.  Classification and diagnostic prediction of cancers using gene expression profiling and artificial neural networks , 2001, Nature Medicine.

[32]  Sharon Ann Plowman,et al.  Exercise Physiology for Health, Fitness, and Performance , 1996 .

[33]  Chieu D. Tran Development and analytical applications of multispectral imaging techniques: An overview , 2001 .

[34]  Dmitry Yudovsky,et al.  Rapid and accurate estimation of blood saturation, melanin content, and epidermis thickness from spectral diffuse reflectance. , 2010, Applied optics.

[35]  Ashley J. Welch,et al.  Effects of compression on soft tissue optical properties , 1996 .

[36]  Jacoba E Smit,et al.  Modeling and Verification of Melanin Concentration on Human Skin Type , 2012, Photochemistry and photobiology.

[37]  T. Fitzpatrick The validity and practicality of sun-reactive skin types I through VI. , 1988, Archives of dermatology.

[38]  J. S. Urban Hjorth,et al.  Computer Intensive Statistical Methods: Validation, Model Selection, and Bootstrap , 1993 .

[39]  Daniel W. Wilson,et al.  All-reflective snapshot hyperspectral imager for ultraviolet and infrared applications. , 2005, Optics letters.

[40]  Izumi Nishidate,et al.  Estimation of Melanin and Hemoglobin Using Spectral Reflectance Images Reconstructed from a Digital RGB Image by the Wiener Estimation Method , 2013, Sensors.

[41]  Narasimhan Rajaram,et al.  Lookup table-based inverse model for determining optical properties of turbid media. , 2008, Journal of biomedical optics.

[42]  H Haneishi,et al.  System design for accurately estimating the spectral reflectance of art paintings. , 2000, Applied optics.

[43]  Elena Salomatina,et al.  Optical properties of normal and cancerous human skin in the visible and near-infrared spectral range. , 2006, Journal of biomedical optics.

[44]  Nirmala Ramanujam,et al.  Sequential estimation of optical properties of a two-layered epithelial tissue model from depth-resolved ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectra. , 2006, Applied optics.

[45]  Janis Spigulis,et al.  RGB imaging system for mapping and monitoring of hemoglobin distribution in skin , 2011, Optical Engineering + Applications.

[46]  B. Wilson,et al.  A diffusion theory model of spatially resolved, steady-state diffuse reflectance for the noninvasive determination of tissue optical properties in vivo. , 1992, Medical physics.

[47]  A. N. Bashkatov,et al.  Optical properties of human skin, subcutaneous and mucous tissues in the wavelength range from 400 to 2000 nm , 2005 .