VLSI architecture and implementation of a multifunction, forward/inverse discrete cosine transform processor

The Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) is considered to be the most effective transfonn coding technique for image and video compression. In this paper a new implementation of an experimental prototype multi-function DCT/IDCT (Inverse DCT) chip is reported. The chip is based on a distributed arithmetic architecture. The main features of the chip include: 1) The DCT and the IDCT are integrated in the same chip 2) the chip achieves high accuracy exceeding the stringent requirements of a proposed CCITF standard 3) it achieves a high operating speed of 27 MHz and is thus applicable to a wide-range of real-time image and video applications 4) the internal clock frequency is the same as the pixel rate and 5) with an on-chip zigzag scan converter and an adder/subtractor it is multifunctional and useful in a DPCM configuration. The chip is implemented with standard cells and contains about 156k transistors.