The atpB and rbcL promoters in plastid DNAs of a wide dicot range

The plastid atp B-rbcL intergene has been analyzed within a wide range of plants covering the major dicot lineages. New sequences from 13 plant species were determined and aligned with three already-known sequences. The promoters of the rbcL and the atpB genes were localized and analyzed according to published observations in spinach and tobacco. The evolutionary conservation of two atpB promoters, separated by 113–262 nucleotides, is strong support that both are functionally active, and it also allows a discrimination between the previously reported atpB transcripts. Moreover, the radically distinct sequences of the two atpB promoters suggest that they interact with two distinct initiation complexes. The alignment also confirms the much higher conservation of the leader sequence in the rbcL mRNA than in the atpB mRNA among dicots, presuming a function at the post-transcriptional level.

[1]  K. Asada,et al.  Rapid and reliable protocol for direct sequencing of material amplified by the polymerase chain reaction. , 1990, BioTechniques.

[2]  W. Hess,et al.  Chloroplast rps15 and the rpoB/C1/C2 gene cluster are strongly transcribed in ribosome‐deficient plastids: evidence for a functioning non‐chloroplast‐encoded RNA polymerase. , 1993, The EMBO journal.

[3]  N. Chua,et al.  Multiple transcripts for higher plantrbcL andatpB genes and localization of the transcription initiation site of therbcL gene , 2006, Plant Molecular Biology.

[4]  G. Zurawski.  Evolution of Higher-Plant Chloroplast DNA-Encoded Genes: Implications for Structure-Function and Phylogenetic Studies , 1987 .

[5]  J. Haley,et al.  Alternative promoters are used for genes within maize chloroplast polycistronic transcription units. , 1990, The Plant cell.

[6]  Liang-Jwu Chen,et al.  The divergently transcribed rbcL and atpB genes of tobacco plastid DNA are separated by nineteen base pairs , 2004, Current Genetics.

[7]  W. Gruissem,et al.  Plastid run-on transcription. Application to determine the transcriptional regulation of spinach plastid genes. , 1987, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[8]  N. Brot,et al.  Synthesis of the large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase in anin vitro partially definedE. coli system , 1983, Plant Molecular Biology.

[9]  Meng-Chun Hu,et al.  An in vitro transcription termination system to analyze chloroplast promoters: identification of multiple promoters for the spinach atpB gene , 2004, Current Genetics.

[10]  N. Chua,et al.  Transcriptional interaction between the promoters of the maize chloroplast genes which encode the β subunit of ATP synthase and the large subunit of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase , 2004, Molecular and General Genetics MGG.

[11]  L. Crossland,et al.  Single gene for the large subunit of ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase in maize yields two differentially regulated mRNAs. , 1984, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[12]  F. Ehrendorfer,et al.  Phylogeny ofRubiaceae-Rubieae inferred from the sequence of a cpDNA intergene region , 1994, Plant Systematics and Evolution.

[13]  J. Hein.  Unified approach to alignment and phylogenies. , 1990, Methods in enzymology.

[14]  W. Taylor.  Regulatory Interactions between Nuclear and Plastid Genomes , 1989 .

[15]  Liang-Jwu Chen,et al.  A primary transcript in spinach chloroplasts that completely lacks a 5′ untranslated leader region , 1990, Plant Molecular Biology.

[16]  Arthur Cronquist,et al.  Angiosperm Orders and Families. (Book Reviews: An Integrated System of Classification of Flowering Plants) , 1982 .

[17]  M. Edelman,et al.  Clone bank of Nicotiana tabacum chloroplast DNA: mapping of the alpha, beta and epsilon subunits of the ATPase coupling factor, the large subunit of ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase, and the 32-kDal membrane protein. , 1983, Gene.

[18]  G. Link,et al.  The chloroplast transcription apparatus from mustard (Sinapis alba L.). Evidence for three different transcription factors which resemble bacterial sigma factors. , 1991, European journal of biochemistry.

[19]  K. Shinozaki,et al.  Sequence of the intercistronic region between the ribulose-1,5-bishphosphate carboxylase/oxgenase large subunit and the coupling factor β subunit gene , 1982 .

[20]  W. Gruissem,et al.  Transcriptional and post-transcriptional control of plastid mRNA levels in higher plants. , 1988, Trends in genetics : TIG.

[21]  W. Gruissem,et al.  Control of plastid gene expression during development: The limited role of transcriptional regulation , 1987, Cell.

[22]  U. Klein,et al.  Two types of chloroplast gene promoters in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. , 1992, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[23]  G. Zurawski,et al.  Analysis of promoter regions for the spinach chloroplast rbcL, atpB and psbA genes. , 1985, The EMBO journal.

[24]  John T. O. Kirk,et al.  Plant Organelles. (Book Reviews: The Plastids. Their Chemistry, Structure, Growth and Inheritance) , 1967 .

[25]  A. Gatenby,et al.  Mutational analysis of the maize chloroplast ATPase‐beta subunit gene promoter: the isolation of promoter mutants in E. coli and their characterization in a chloroplast in vitro transcription system. , 1985, The EMBO journal.

[26]  W. Martin,et al.  Molecular phylogenies of plastid origins and algal evolution , 1992, Journal of Molecular Evolution.

[27]  S. Lerbs-Mache.  The 110-kDa polypeptide of spinach plastid DNA-dependent RNA polymerase: single-subunit enzyme or catalytic core of multimeric enzyme complexes? , 1993, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[28]  C. M. Lin,et al.  Chloroplast promoters from higher plants. , 1985, Nucleic acids research.

[29]  Liang-Jwu Chen,et al.  Analysis of chloroplast promoters using bidirectional transcription vectors , 1990, Plant Molecular Biology.

[30]  V. Savolainen,et al.  Molecular phylogeny of families related to Celastrales based on rbcL 5' flanking sequences. , 1994, Molecular phylogenetics and evolution.