Coupling morphology and control in a simulated robot

The history of natural evolution displays an inseparable coupling of organic bodies and the nervous systems that control them. In contrast to this almost all research in Evolutionary Robotics to date begins with a robot body whose features are fixed and proceeds to evolve a control structure for this body. Our research program is focused on exploring the coupled evolution of both the body and the control structure in real robots. In this paper we take early steps toward this goal by exploring the space of sensor and effector selection and positioning coupled with a neural network linking them within a simulated environment. This space is explored using evolved grammars for generating both the body and neural network. Results from several problem worlds are presented and analyzed.

[1]  Richard K. Belew,et al.  Evolving stochastic grammars , 1998 .

[2]  Hiroaki Kitano,et al.  Designing Neural Networks Using Genetic Algorithms with Graph Generation System , 1990, Complex Syst..

[3]  L. Darrell Whitley,et al.  Cellular Encoding Applied to Neurocontrol , 1995, ICGA.

[4]  Richard K. Belewcmautner Testing Simulated Controllers in Real Robots , 1999 .

[5]  John Hallam,et al.  A hybrid GP/GA approach for co-evolving controllers and robot bodies to achieve fitness-specified tasks , 1996, Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation.

[6]  Filippo Menczer,et al.  EVOLVING SENSORS IN ENVIRONMENTS OF CONTROLLED COMPLEXITY , 1994 .

[7]  Peter J. Angeline,et al.  An evolutionary algorithm that constructs recurrent neural networks , 1994, IEEE Trans. Neural Networks.

[8]  Karl Sims,et al.  Evolving 3d morphology and behavior by competition , 1994 .

[9]  V. Braitenberg Vehicles, Experiments in Synthetic Psychology , 1984 .

[10]  Jérôme Kodjabachian,et al.  Evolution and Development of Neural Networks Controlling Locomotion, Gradient-Following, and Obstacle-Avoidance in Artificial Insects , 1998 .

[11]  Peter Eggenberger,et al.  Evolving Morphologies of Simulated 3d Organisms Based on Differential Gene Expression , 1997 .

[12]  Frank Dellaert,et al.  Toward an evolvable model of development for autonomous agent synthesis , 1994 .

[13]  Simon M. Lucas,et al.  Growing adaptive neural networks with graph grammars , 1995, ESANN.

[14]  Francesco Mondada,et al.  Automatic creation of an autonomous agent: genetic evolution of a neural-network driven robot , 1994 .

[15]  D. Floreano,et al.  Adaptive Behavior in Competing Co-Evolving Species , 2000 .

[16]  Daniel Polani,et al.  A framework for sensor evolution in a population of Braitenberg vehicle-like agents (poster) , 1998 .