Symmetric NAT Traversal Method for Session Initial Protocol (SIP)

Although the integration of SIP-based systems with a network address translation (NAT) environment has been investigated extensively, SIP-based system operation in symmetric model NAT remains relatively unexplored. This paper studies the application of symmetric NAT traversal techniques to SIP-based systems. This study focuses on following the SIP process, a non-additive service server, and employs standard SIP commands such as “REGISTER,” “INVITE,” and “200 OK” to predict and deliver the IP addresses and port numbers of the local NAT. This study also implements RTP streaming in the client-to-client (C2C) mode. The symmetric NAT traversal method for the SIP increases the direct peer-to-peer connection rate. This approach also avoids the STUN and RTP-Relay server. Experimental results with 50 types of NAT indicate that symmetric NAT traversal performs better than the STUN solution. The RTP-Relay server bandwidth cost is likewise superior to the TURN solution. These finding have important implications for SIP-based system developers and carrier providers.

[1]  Shiuh-Pyng Shieh,et al.  Network Address Translators: Effects on Security Protocols and Applications in the TCP/IP Stack , 2000, IEEE Internet Comput..

[2]  Junzhong Gu,et al.  Research on Symmetric NAT Traversal in P2P applications , 2006, 2006 International Multi-Conference on Computing in the Global Information Technology - (ICCGI'06).

[3]  Mark Handley,et al.  SDP: Session Description Protocol , 1998, RFC.

[4]  Dan Wing,et al.  Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN) , 2020, RFC.

[5]  Ying-Dar Lin,et al.  To Call or To Be Called Behind NATs is Sensitive in Solving the Direct Connection Problem , 2011, IEEE Communications Letters.

[6]  Jonathan D. Rosenberg,et al.  Traversal Using Relays around NAT (TURN): Relay Extensions to Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN) , 2020, RFC.

[7]  Tong Li,et al.  A New Algorithm for Network Anomaly Detection , 2006, 2006 International Multi-Conference on Computing in the Global Information Technology - (ICCGI'06).

[8]  G. G. Stokes.  "J." , 1890, The New Yale Book of Quotations.

[9]  Ying-Dar Lin,et al.  NAT-Compatibility Testbed: An Environment to Automatically Verify Direct Connection Rate , 2011, IEEE Communications Letters.

[10]  Paul Francis,et al.  The IP Network Address Translator (NAT) , 1994, RFC.

[11]  Shaw-Hwa Hwang,et al.  The asymmetric NAT and its traversal method , 2009, 2009 IFIP International Conference on Wireless and Optical Communications Networks.