A connectivity analytical model for a highway with an entrance/exit in vehicular ad hoc networks

This paper considers the network connectivity problem in a highway scenario and builds an analytical model to analyze the steady-state connectivity probability of vehicle nodes on a unidirectional highway segment with one entrance/exit. In the analytical model, the entrance/exit is uniformly distributed on the road segment and divides the road segment into two segments. On each segment, the vehicle arrival process is a Poisson process. A vehicle node travels through the entrance/exit with a given probability. Based on such assumptions, we consider different cases according to the location distribution of the entrance/exit, and take into account the vehicle arrival rate, the vehicle speed, and the probability that a vehicle node travels through the entrance/exit in deriving the connectivity probability. The accuracy of the analytical model is verified through simulation results and the impacts of different parameters on the connectivity probability are respectively investigated through both simulation and analytical results.