p‐type transparent conducting oxides

The recent advance of p‐type transparent conductive oxide thin films is reviewed. The focus is on p‐type transparent oxide semiconductors CuAlO2, CuGaO2, CuInO2, SrCu2O2, and LaCuOCh (Ch = chalcogen). These materials and related device applications are then shown as examples. Room temperature operation of current injection emission from ultraviolet light‐emitting diodes based on p‐SCO/n‐ZnO p–n junctions has been demonstrated. This changed with the discovery of p‐type transparent conducting oxides, thereby opening up the possibility for all‐oxide transparent electronics. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

[1]  H. Hosono,et al.  Fabrication of transparent p-n heterojunction thin film diodes based entirely on oxide semiconductors , 1999 .

[2]  A. Draeseke,et al.  Transparent p-n Heterojunction Thin Film Diodes , 2001 .

[3]  H. Ohta,et al.  Degenerate p-type conductivity in wide-gap LaCuOS1−xSex (x=0–1) epitaxial films , 2003 .

[4]  Kazuhiko Tonooka,et al.  Photovoltaic effect observed in transparent p–n heterojunctions based on oxide semiconductors , 2003 .

[5]  H. Ohta,et al.  Fabrication of all oxide transparent p-n homojunction using bipolar CuInO2 semiconducting oxide with delafossite structure , 2001 .

[6]  H. Gong,et al.  High-Conductivity p-Type Transparent Copper Aluminum Oxide Film Prepared by Plasma-Enhanced MOCVD , 2000 .

[7]  H. Mizoguchi,et al.  Electrical Properties and Structure of p‐Type Amorphous Oxide Semiconductor xZnO·Rh2O3 , 2005 .

[8]  K. Chattopadhyay,et al.  Low-threshold field emission from transparent p-type conducting CuAlO2 thin film prepared by dc sputtering , 2004 .

[9]  T. Kamiya,et al.  Title Single-atomic-layered quantum wells built in wide-gap semiconductors LnCuOCh (Ln=lanthanide, Ch=chalcogen) , 2004 .

[10]  H. Hosono,et al.  Transparent p-type semiconductor: LaCuOS layered oxysulfide , 2000 .

[11]  K. Kawamura,et al.  Current injection emission from a transparent p-n junction composed of p-SrCu~2O~2/n-ZnO , 2000 .

[12]  H. Ohta,et al.  Third-order optical nonlinearity originating from room-temperature exciton in layered compounds LaCuOS and LaCuOSe , 2004 .

[13]  D. W. Readey,et al.  A simple method for the preparation of transparent p-type Ca-doped CuInO2 films: Pulsed-laser deposition from air-sintered Ca-doped Cu2In2O5 targets , 2004 .

[14]  H. Ohta,et al.  Electrical and Optical Properties and Electronic Structures of LnCuOS (Ln = La∼Nd) , 2003 .

[15]  K. Sekizawa,et al.  The new conductive oxysulfides [(La1−xSrx)O]CuS containing a Cu-layer , 1995 .

[16]  Kalyan Kumar Chattopadhyay,et al.  Synthesis and characterization of p-type transparent conducting CuAlO2 thin film by DC sputtering , 2003 .

[17]  H. Hosono,et al.  Electronic structure and optoelectronic properties of transparent p-type conducting CuAlO2 , 2000 .

[18]  H. Hosono Built‐in Nanostructures in Transparent Oxides for Novel Photonic and Electronic Functions Materials , 2005 .

[19]  H. Ohta,et al.  Two-dimensional electronic structure and multiple excitonic states in layered oxychalcogenide semiconductors, LaCuOCh (Ch=S, Se, Te): Optical properties and relativistic ab initio study , 2005 .

[20]  H. Hosono,et al.  Valence-band structures of layered oxychalcogenides, LaCuOCh (Ch=S, Se, and Te), studied by ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy and energy-band calculations , 2005 .

[21]  H. Ohta,et al.  Excitonic blue luminescence from p-LaCuOSe∕n-InGaZn5O8 light-emitting diode at room temperature , 2005 .

[22]  Yoshinobu Nakamura,et al.  Design of a gas sensitive transparent heterojunction—The system SrCu2O2–ZnO , 2005 .

[23]  Hideo Hosono,et al.  Field Emission of Electron Anions Clathrated in Subnanometer‐Sized Cages in [Ca24Al28O64]4+(4e–) , 2004 .

[24]  H. Gong,et al.  CRYSTAL STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF CU-AL-O THIN FILMS , 2002 .

[25]  A. Polian,et al.  Structural evolution of the CuGaO2 delafossite under high pressure , 2004 .

[26]  F. Roca,et al.  P-type strontium–copper mixed oxide deposited by e-beam evaporation , 2003 .

[27]  K. Chattopadhyay,et al.  Thermoelectric properties and electrical characteristics of sputter-deposited p-CuAlO2 thin films , 2005 .

[28]  Shinzo Takata,et al.  Transparent conducting p-type NiO thin films prepared by magnetron sputtering , 1993 .

[29]  A. Polian,et al.  Structural evolution of the CuGaO 2 delafossite under high pressure , 2004 .

[30]  H. Hosono,et al.  Bipolarity in electrical conduction of transparent oxide semiconductor CuInO2 with delafossite structure , 2001 .

[31]  K. Ishikawa,et al.  Preparation and electrical properties of (LaO)AgS and (LnO)CuS (Ln = La,Pr, or Nd) , 1991 .

[32]  Hideo Hosono,et al.  Transparent p-Type Conducting Oxides: Design and Fabrication of p-n Heterojunctions , 2000 .

[33]  L. Kleinman,et al.  Self-consistent energy bands of Cu 2 O , 1980 .

[34]  H. Mizoguchi,et al.  A p‐Type Amorphous Oxide Semiconductor and Room Temperature Fabrication of Amorphous Oxide p–n Heterojunction Diodes , 2003 .

[35]  H. Gong,et al.  Nanocrystalline p-type transparent Cu–Al–O semiconductor prepared by chemical-vapor deposition with Cu(acac)2 and Al(acac)3 precursors , 2000 .

[36]  S. Zhang,et al.  Bipolar doping and band-gap anomalies in delafossite transparent conductive oxides. , 2002, Physical review letters.

[37]  H. Ohta,et al.  UV-emitting diode composed of transparent oxide semiconductors: p-SrCu/sub 2/O/sub 2//n-ZnO , 2000 .

[38]  H. Ohta,et al.  Near-UV emitting diodes based on a transparent p-n junction composed of heteroepitaxially grown p-SrCu2O2 and n-Zno , 2002 .

[39]  Hideo Hosono,et al.  P-type electrical conduction in transparent thin films of CuAlO2 , 1997, Nature.

[40]  T. Ishiguro,et al.  High temperature structural investigation of the delafossite type compound CuAlO2 , 1982 .

[41]  H. Ohta,et al.  Epitaxial growth of transparent p-type conducting CuGaO2 thin films on sapphire (001) substrates by pulsed laser deposition , 2001 .

[42]  K. Chattopadhyay,et al.  Size-dependent optical properties of sputter-deposited nanocrystalline p-type transparent CuAlO2 thin films , 2005 .

[43]  J. Robertson,et al.  Electronic structure of p-type conducting transparent oxides , 2002 .

[44]  K. Chattopadhyay,et al.  Preparation of p-type transparent conducting CuAlO2 thin films by reactive DC sputtering , 2004 .

[45]  T. Kamiya,et al.  Creation of new functions in transparent oxides utilizing nanostructures embedded in crystal and artificially encoded by laser pulses , 2005 .

[46]  Hideo Hosono,et al.  Chemical Design and Thin Film Preparation of p-Type Conductive Transparent Oxides , 2000 .

[47]  T. Kamiya,et al.  Quantum beat between two excitonic levels split by spin--orbit interactions in the oxychalcogenide LaCuOS. , 2004, Optics letters.

[48]  H. Hosono,et al.  SrCu2O2: A p-type conductive oxide with wide band gap , 1998 .