Mobile Robot Sensors

The use of sensors is of paramount importance for closing the feedback control loops that secure efficient and automated/autonomous operation of mobile robots in real-life applications. Sensing methods provide higher level and intelligence capabilities that go far beyond the “preprogrammed” style of operation. This chapter provides a conceptual introduction to a number of important sensors for mobile robot operation and control. Specifically, the objectives of the chapter are (i) to provide a popular classification of sensors, along with their operational features, (ii) to discuss sonar, laser, and infrared sensors, (iii) to present an outline of robotic vision and its principal functions (including omnidirectional vision), (iv) to list the operation principles of gyroscope, compass, and force/tactile sensors, and (v) to give a brief introduction to the global positioning system.