In lithium ion batteries, an important design objective is to avoid the plating of lithium during charging. Generally, plated Li is not completely reversible, and therefore even small amounts can have significant consequences due to accumulation with cycling. The consequences can include loss of capacity, mechanical swelling and, potentially, the formation of a short. Cell design aspects commonly applied to avoid lithium-plating include cell balance (areal capacity ratio of the negative electrode to that of the positive), electrolyte fill, current and “overlap” (the distance by which the negative electrode extends beyond the edge of the positive electrode, Figure 1).