Low-temperature behavior of magnetic metamaterial elements

Periodically arranged metallic resonators can produce a negative permeability medium. However, the resonant response weakens at extreme regimes under certain conditions, which is the major problem of obtaining a negative index in the visible regime. We report that by decreasing the operation temperature, the metal conductivity can be increased, enhanced negative permeability can be obtained and the operation range of the negative permeability media, and thereby the negative index media, can be extended. We doubled the resonant strength of a typical resonator operating at microwave frequencies by decreasing its temperature to 150K. The results are promising for the demonstration of negative index media in the visible regime.

[1]  Nevill Francis Mott,et al.  The Electrical Conductivity of Transition Metals , 1936 .

[2]  M. Wegener,et al.  Negative-index metamaterial at 780 nm wavelength. , 2006, Optics letters.

[3]  M. Wegener,et al.  Magnetic Response of Metamaterials at 100 Terahertz , 2004, Science.

[4]  J. Pendry,et al.  Negative refraction makes a perfect lens , 2000, Physical review letters.

[5]  K. Sarabandi,et al.  A substrate for small patch antennas providing tunable miniaturization factors , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[6]  Alexandre A. Radzig,et al.  Handbook of Physical Quantities , 1997 .

[7]  Ekmel Ozbay,et al.  Miniaturized negative permeability materials , 2007 .

[8]  J. Pendry,et al.  Magnetism from conductors and enhanced nonlinear phenomena , 1999 .

[9]  F Schmidt,et al.  Magnetic metamaterials at telecommunication and visible frequencies. , 2005, Physical review letters.

[10]  B. Santo,et al.  Solid State , 2012 .

[11]  A. Lagarkov,et al.  Near-perfect imaging in a focusing system based on a left-handed-material plate. , 2004, Physical review letters.

[12]  D. Larkman,et al.  Microstructured magnetic materials for RF flux guides in magnetic resonance imaging. , 2001, Science.

[13]  A. Toscano,et al.  Equivalent-Circuit Models for the Design of Metamaterials Based on Artificial Magnetic Inclusions , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[14]  Ekmel Ozbay,et al.  A planar metamaterial: Polarization independent fishnet structure , 2008 .

[15]  Willie J Padilla,et al.  Composite medium with simultaneously negative permeability and permittivity , 2000, Physical review letters.

[16]  E. Ozbay,et al.  Characterization and tilted response of a fishnet metamaterial operating at 100 GHz , 2008 .

[17]  Shuang Zhang,et al.  Near-infrared double negative metamaterials. , 2005, Optics express.

[18]  G Dolling,et al.  Cut-wire pairs and plate pairs as magnetic atoms for optical metamaterials. , 2005, Optics letters.

[19]  E. N. Economou,et al.  Saturation of the magnetic response of split-ring resonators at optical frequencies. , 2005, Physical review letters.