Discrimination of high altitude Indian honey by chemometric approach according to their antioxidant properties and macro minerals

Abstract The study was intended to characterize three honeys (acacia, pine honeydew and multifloral) from high altitude Kashmir valley of India according to their macro minerals (K, Ca, Na and P), antioxidant properties and sugar parameters. The result for total phenolic content (22.68–59.84 mg GAE/100 g) and total flavonoid content (6.10–8.12 mg QE/100 g), revealed that honeys from Kashmir valley have high antioxidant activity. Principal component analysis (PCA), explained more than 81% of the variance. Four sugars were identified and quantified by HPLC, which include monosaccharides and disaccharides. Chemometric methods such as principal component analysis and linear discriminate techniques were applied on the data in order to differentiate the honeys. PCA explained more than 81% of the variance with the first two PC variables with minerals and antioxidant properties having highest discriminating power while LDA successfully classified all the unifloral honey samples.

[1]  J. Bošnir,et al.  Mineral profile of Croatian honey and differences due to its geographical origin , 2016 .

[2]  R. Pall,et al.  The crystallization behaviour of Estonian honeys. , 2011 .

[3]  A. I. Ruiz-Matute,et al.  Carbohydrate composition of Spanish unifloral honeys , 2011 .

[4]  E. Rodríguez,et al.  Differentiation of blossom and honeydew honeys using multivariate analysis on the physicochemical parameters and sugar composition , 2011 .

[5]  M. Fernández-González,et al.  Contribution of botanical origin and sugar composition of honeys on the crystallization phenomenon. , 2014, Food chemistry.

[6]  Carlos Herrero,et al.  Pattern recognition analysis applied to classification of wines from Galicia (northwestern Spain) with certified brand of origin , 1994 .

[7]  L. Juszczak,et al.  Physicochemical properties and quality parameters of herbhoneys , 2009 .

[8]  L. Giansante,et al.  Classification of monovarietal Italian olive oils by unsupervised (PCA) and supervised (LDA) chemometrics , 2003 .

[9]  B. Kędzia,et al.  Research on an antioxidant capacity of honeys , 2012 .

[10]  M. Rinaldi,et al.  Pattern recognition and genetic algorithms for discrimination of orange juices and reduction of significant components from headspace solid-phase microextraction. , 2009, Phytochemical analysis : PCA.

[11]  Gulzar Ahmad Nayik,et al.  HONEY: ITS HISTORY AND RELIGIOUS SIGNIFICANCE: A REVIEW , 2014 .

[12]  N. Gheldof,et al.  Identification and quantification of antioxidant components of honeys from various floral sources. , 2002, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[13]  P. Alexe,et al.  Rheological behavior of different honey types from Romania , 2012 .

[14]  Gulzar Ahmad Nayik,et al.  Optimization of the Process Parameters to Establish the Quality Attributes of DPPH Radical Scavenging Activity, Total Phenolic Content, and Total Flavonoid Content of Apple (Malus domestica) Honey Using Response Surface Methodology , 2016 .

[15]  C. Fredes,et al.  Heavy metal and other trace elements contents in honey bee in Chile. Cien. Inv. Agr. (in English) 33(1):50-58. , 2006 .

[16]  P. Schweitzer,et al.  HPLC sugar profiles of Algerian honeys , 2010 .

[17]  J. Louveaux,et al.  Methods of Melissopalynology , 1978 .

[18]  Gulzar Ahmad Nayik,et al.  Effect of thermal treatment and pH on antioxidant activity of saffron honey using response surface methodology , 2016, Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization.

[19]  Ana C. Soria,et al.  Characterization of artisanal honeys from Madrid (Central Spain) on the basis of their melissopalynological, physicochemical and volatile composition data , 2004 .

[20]  Roberto Maffei Facino,et al.  Standardization of antioxidant properties of honey by a combination of spectrophotometric/fluorimetric assays and chemometrics , 2005 .

[21]  Gulzar Ahmad Nayik,et al.  Physico-Chemical, Enzymatic, Mineral and Colour Characterization of Three Different Varieties of Honeys from Kashmir Valley of India with a Multivariate Approach , 2015 .

[22]  Ahmet Umut Güler,et al.  Determination of important biochemical properties of honey to discriminate pure and adulterated honey with sucrose (Saccharum officinarum L.) syrup , 2007 .

[23]  Huseyin Sahin,et al.  An investigation of Turkish honeys: their physico-chemical properties, antioxidant capacities and phenolic profiles. , 2015, Food chemistry.

[24]  D. Kenjerić,et al.  Specific Rotation and Carbohydrate Profile of Croatian Unifloral Honeys , 2018 .

[25]  Y. Yücel,et al.  Characterization of honeys from Hatay Region by their physicochemical properties combined with chemometrics , 2013 .

[26]  L.da C Azeredo,et al.  Protein contents and physicochemical properties in honey samples of Apis mellifera of different floral origins , 2003 .

[27]  R. Fernández-Torres,et al.  Mineral content and botanical origin of Spanish honeys. , 2005, Talanta.

[28]  H. Yılmaz.  Composition of Honeys Collected from Eastern and South-Eastern Anatolia and Effect of Storage on Hydroxymethylfurfural Content and Diastase Activity , 2001 .

[29]  Shaukat Ali,et al.  Antitumour and antioxidant potential of some selected Pakistani honeys. , 2014, Food chemistry.

[30]  Gulzar Ahmad Nayik,et al.  Application of Response Surface Methodology to Study the Combined Effect of Temperature, Time and pH on Antioxidant Activity of Cherry (Prunus avium) Honey , 2016 .

[31]  Mónica S. Finola,et al.  Microbiological and chemical characterization of honeys from central Argentina , 2007 .

[32]  Gulzar Ahmad Nayik,et al.  Physico-chemical, rheological and sugar profile of different unifloral honeys from Kashmir valley of India , 2015 .

[33]  A. M. Aljadi,et al.  Evaluation of the phenolic contents and antioxidant capacities of two Malaysian floral honeys , 2004 .

[34]  B. Kovács,et al.  Determination of essential and toxic elements in Hungarian honeys. , 2015, Food chemistry.

[35]  M. Vattuone,et al.  Antioxidant activities of Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz extracts , 2006 .

[36]  P. Andrade,et al.  Honey from Luso region (Portugal): physicochemical characteristics and mineral contents. , 2009 .

[37]  A. Gómez-Caravaca,et al.  Advances in the analysis of phenolic compounds in products derived from bees. , 2006, Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis.

[38]  E. Maltini,et al.  Crystallization in “Tarassaco” Italian honey studied by DSC , 2010 .

[39]  Stavros Kontakos,et al.  Characterisation and classification of Greek pine honeys according to their geographical origin based on volatiles, physicochemical parameters and chemometrics. , 2014, Food chemistry.

[40]  Murat Küçük,et al.  Biological activities and chemical composition of three honeys of different types from Anatolia , 2007 .

[41]  C. Fredes,et al.  Heavy metals and other trace elements contents in Chilean honey1 , 2006 .

[42]  S. Gautam,et al.  Physical, biochemical and antioxidant properties of some Indian honeys. , 2010 .

[43]  M. Berenbaum,et al.  Antioxidant capacity and correlated characteristics of 14 unifloral honeys , 1998 .

[44]  B. C. Sarkar,et al.  Physico-chemical properties and estimation of mineral content in honey produced from different plants in Northern India , 2003 .

[45]  L. P. Oddo,et al.  Harmonized methods of melissopalynology , 2004 .

[46]  Aline Meda,et al.  Determination of the total phenolic, flavonoid and proline contents in Burkina Fasan honey, as well as their radical scavenging activity. , 2005 .

[47]  B. Vennat,et al.  [Standardization of propolis extract and identification of principal constituents]. , 1994, Journal de pharmacie de Belgique.

[48]  S. Sulaiman,et al.  Phenolic acid composition and antioxidant properties of Malaysian honeys. , 2011, Journal of Food Science.

[49]  María F Silvano,et al.  Physicochemical parameters and sensory properties of honeys from Buenos Aires region. , 2014, Food chemistry.