Plant alkaloids as drug leads for Alzheimer's disease

[1]  P. Bhugra,et al.  Emerging drug targets for Aβ and tau in Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review. , 2015, British journal of clinical pharmacology.

[2]  G. Biessels.  Microinfarcts: Key to prevention of the vascular burden in dementia? , 2015, Alzheimer's & Dementia.

[3]  J. Viña,et al.  Molecular mechanisms linking amyloid β toxicity and Tau hyperphosphorylation in Alzheimer׳s disease. , 2015, Free radical biology & medicine.

[4]  Jingqian Su,et al.  Huperzine A production by Paecilomyces tenuis YS-13, an endophytic fungus isolated from Huperzia serrata , 2015, Natural product research.

[5]  O. Garaschuk,et al.  Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease , 2015, The Lancet Neurology.

[6]  Anil Kumar,et al.  A review on Alzheimer’s disease pathophysiology and its management: an update , 2015, Pharmacological reports : PR.

[7]  S. Myung,et al.  Caffeine Intake from Coffee or Tea and Cognitive Disorders: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies , 2015, Neuroepidemiology.

[8]  Zi-Qiang Shao.  Comparison of the efficacy of four cholinesterase inhibitors in combination with memantine for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. , 2015, International journal of clinical and experimental medicine.

[9]  P. Zandi,et al.  Follow-up evaluation of cognitive function in the randomized Alzheimer's Disease Anti-inflammatory Prevention Trial and its Follow-up Study , 2015, Alzheimer's & Dementia.

[10]  R. Pi,et al.  Berberine protects homocysteic acid-induced HT-22 cell death: involvement of Akt pathway , 2015, Metabolic Brain Disease.

[11]  T. Matsuda,et al.  Galantamine promotes adult hippocampal neurogenesis via M₁ muscarinic and α7 nicotinic receptors in mice. , 2014, The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology.

[12]  M. Heinrich,et al.  Alkaloids as drug leads – A predictive structural and biodiversity-based analysis , 2014 .

[13]  I. Dewachter,et al.  Models of β-amyloid induced Tau-pathology: the long and “folded” road to understand the mechanism , 2014, Molecular Neurodegeneration.

[14]  S. Lipton,et al.  Oligomeric Aβ-induced synaptic dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease , 2014, Molecular Neurodegeneration.

[15]  Keith A. Johnson,et al.  The Evolution of Preclinical Alzheimer’s Disease: Implications for Prevention Trials , 2014, Neuron.

[16]  D. Michaelson.  APOE ε4: The most prevalent yet understudied risk factor for Alzheimer's disease , 2014, Alzheimer's & Dementia.

[17]  Tim Cushnie,et al.  Alkaloids: an overview of their antibacterial, antibiotic-enhancing and antivirulence activities. , 2014, International journal of antimicrobial agents.

[18]  S. Tsuji,et al.  Genomic aspects of sporadic neurodegenerative diseases. , 2014, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

[19]  H. Huttunen,et al.  Mitochondria and NMDA Receptor-Dependent Toxicity of Berberine Sensitizes Neurons to Glutamate and Rotenone Injury , 2014, PloS one.

[20]  L. Buée,et al.  Beneficial effects of caffeine in a transgenic model of Alzheimer's disease-like tau pathology , 2014, Neurobiology of Aging.

[21]  Bassem A. Hassan,et al.  Beyond pathology: APP, brain development and Alzheimer's disease , 2014, Current Opinion in Neurobiology.

[22]  A. Goate,et al.  Alzheimer’s Disease Genetics: From the Bench to the Clinic , 2014, Neuron.

[23]  Xuhui Huang,et al.  Blockade of EphA4 signaling ameliorates hippocampal synaptic dysfunctions in mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease , 2014, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[24]  I. Campbell,et al.  Chronic Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's Disease: New Perspectives on Animal Models and Promising Candidate Drugs , 2014, BioMed research international.

[25]  C. Allgaier,et al.  An update on drug treatment options of Alzheimer's disease. , 2014, Frontiers in bioscience.

[26]  B. Schauble,et al.  Galantamine treatment in outpatients with mild Alzheimer's disease , 2014, Acta neurologica Scandinavica.

[27]  R. Yan,et al.  Efficient strategy for maintaining and enhancing the huperzine A production of Shiraia sp. Slf14 through inducer elicitation , 2014, Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology.

[28]  Pritam Das,et al.  Regional distribution of synaptic markers and APP correlate with distinct clinicopathological features in sporadic and familial Alzheimer's disease. , 2014, Brain : a journal of neurology.

[29]  Y. Ke,et al.  Reducing iron in the brain: a novel pharmacologic mechanism of huperzine A in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease , 2014, Neurobiology of Aging.

[30]  R. Maccioni,et al.  Neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. A rational framework for the search of novel therapeutic approaches , 2014, Front. Cell. Neurosci..

[31]  Juan Chen,et al.  Correction: Berberine Attenuates Axonal Transport Impairment and Axonopathy Induced by Calyculin A in N2a Cells , 2014, PloS one.

[32]  S. Senapati,et al.  Effects of Huanglian-Jie-Du-Tang and Its Modified Formula on the Modulation of Amyloid-β Precursor Protein Processing in Alzheimer's Disease Models , 2014, PloS one.

[33]  P. Mecocci,et al.  Clinical trials and late‐stage drug development for Alzheimer's disease: an appraisal from 1984 to 2014 , 2014, Journal of internal medicine.

[34]  M. Bonesi,et al.  Berberis aetnensis and B. libanotica: a comparative study on the chemical composition, inhibitory effect on key enzymes linked to Alzheimer's disease and antioxidant activity , 2013, The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology.

[35]  A. Henriques,et al.  Alkaloids as a source of potential anticholinesterase inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease , 2013, The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology.

[36]  L. Saso,et al.  Antioxidant activity of galantamine and some of its derivatives. , 2013, Current medicinal chemistry.

[37]  X. Lai,et al.  Isorhynchophylline Protects PC12 Cells Against Beta-Amyloid-Induced Apoptosis via PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway , 2013, Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM.

[38]  Jian-ping Liu,et al.  Huperzine A for Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials , 2013, PloS one.

[39]  Xingshu Li,et al.  Synthesis and biological evaluation of berberine-thiophenyl hybrids as multi-functional agents: Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, and Aβ aggregation and antioxidant activity. , 2013, Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry.

[40]  D. Ghareeb,et al.  In vitro biological assessment of berberis vulgaris and its active constituent, berberine: antioxidants, anti-acetylcholinesterase, anti-diabetic and anticancer effects , 2013, BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine.

[41]  R. Maccioni,et al.  Tau Oligomers as Potential Targets for Alzheimer’s Diagnosis and Novel Drugs , 2013, Front. Neurol..

[42]  S. Ferreira,et al.  Deregulation of excitatory neurotransmission underlying synapse failure in Alzheimer's disease , 2013, Journal of neurochemistry.

[43]  Jun Cheng,et al.  Rhynchophylline-induced vasodilation in human mesenteric artery is mainly due to blockage of L-type calcium channels in vascular smooth muscle cells , 2013, Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology.

[44]  M. Meraz-Ríos,et al.  Inflammatory process in Alzheimer's Disease , 2013, Front. Integr. Neurosci..

[45]  P. Tang,et al.  Huperzine A promotes hippocampal neurogenesis in vitro and in vivo , 2013, Brain Research.

[46]  T. Zhao,et al.  Neurotoxic effects of berberine on long-term l-DOPA administration in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rat model of Parkinson’s disease , 2013, Archives of Pharmacal Research.

[47]  Y. Goumon,et al.  Endogenous morphine and its metabolites in mammals: History, synthesis, localization and perspectives , 2013, Neuroscience.

[48]  P. Mortazavi,et al.  Effects of berberine on β-secretase activity in a rabbit model of Alzheimer's disease , 2013, Archives of medical science : AMS.

[49]  N. Ip,et al.  Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel heterodimers of donepezil and huperzine fragments as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. , 2013, Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry.

[50]  Jian-Dong Huang,et al.  Berberine ameliorates β-amyloid pathology, gliosis, and cognitive impairment in an Alzheimer's disease transgenic mouse model , 2012, Neurobiology of Aging.

[51]  I. Cheng,et al.  Crude caffeine reduces memory impairment and amyloid β(1-42) levels in an Alzheimer's mouse model. , 2012, Food chemistry.

[52]  Molin Wang,et al.  Berberine suppresses amyloid‐beta‐induced inflammatory response in microglia by inhibiting nuclear factor‐kappaB and mitogen‐activated protein kinase signalling pathways , 2012, The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology.

[53]  S. Guterres,et al.  Indomethacin-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules reduce the damage triggered by Aβ1-42 in Alzheimer’s disease models , 2012, International journal of nanomedicine.

[54]  G. Lin,et al.  An efficient total synthesis of (-)-huperzine A. , 2012, Organic letters.

[55]  Jin-jian Lu,et al.  Multi-Target Drugs: The Trend of Drug Research and Development , 2012, PloS one.

[56]  C. Che,et al.  Bioassay-Guided Isolation of Neuroprotective Compounds from Uncaria rhynchophylla against Beta-Amyloid-Induced Neurotoxicity , 2012, Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM.

[57]  Jiyin Zhou,et al.  Isorhynchophylline: A plant alkaloid with therapeutic potential for cardiovascular and central nervous system diseases. , 2012, Fitoterapia.

[58]  Antonio G. García,et al.  Galantamine elicits neuroprotection by inhibiting iNOS, NADPH oxidase and ROS in hippocampal slices stressed with anoxia/reoxygenation , 2012, Neuropharmacology.

[59]  Jorge Rafael León-Carmona,et al.  Uric and 1-methyluric acids: metabolic wastes or antiradical protectors? , 2011, The journal of physical chemistry. B.

[60]  X. Lai,et al.  Protective Effect of Isorhynchophylline Against β-Amyloid-Induced Neurotoxicity in PC12 Cells , 2011, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology.

[61]  V. Echeverria,et al.  Caffeine induces beneficial changes in PKA signaling and JNK and ERK activities in the striatum and cortex of Alzheimer's transgenic mice , 2011, Brain Research.

[62]  I. Orhan,et al.  An overview on natural cholinesterase inhibitors--a multi-targeted drug class--and their mass production. , 2011, Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry.

[63]  R. Maccioni,et al.  Mechanisms of tau self-aggregation and neurotoxicity. , 2011, Current Alzheimer research.

[64]  T. Dunckley,et al.  β-Carboline Compounds, Including Harmine, Inhibit DYRK1A and Tau Phosphorylation at Multiple Alzheimer's Disease-Related Sites , 2011, PloS one.

[65]  R. J. McDonald,et al.  Revisiting the cholinergic hypothesis in the development of Alzheimer's disease , 2011, Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews.

[66]  P. Aisen,et al.  A phase II trial of huperzine A in mild to moderate Alzheimer disease , 2011, Neurology.

[67]  G. Pasternak,et al.  Mu opioid receptors in pain management. , 2011, Acta anaesthesiologica Taiwanica : official journal of the Taiwan Society of Anesthesiologists.

[68]  G. Multhaup,et al.  Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Application of NSAIDs and Derived Compounds in Alzheimers Disease , 2011 .

[69]  Shiwen Zhou,et al.  Antihypertensive and neuroprotective activities of rhynchophylline: the role of rhynchophylline in neurotransmission and ion channel activity. , 2010, Journal of ethnopharmacology.

[70]  J. Geiger,et al.  Caffeine protects against oxidative stress and Alzheimer's disease-like pathology in rabbit hippocampus induced by cholesterol-enriched diet. , 2010, Free radical biology & medicine.

[71]  G. Fan,et al.  Indirubin-3'-monoxime rescues spatial memory deficits and attenuates β-amyloid-associated neuropathology in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease , 2010, Neurobiology of Disease.

[72]  P. Agostinho,et al.  Neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. , 2010, Current pharmaceutical design.

[73]  M. Kivipelto,et al.  Caffeine as a protective factor in dementia and Alzheimer's disease. , 2010, Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD.

[74]  W. Becker,et al.  Harmine specifically inhibits protein kinase DYRK1A and interferes with neurite formation , 2009, The FEBS journal.

[75]  J. Choi,et al.  Anti-Alzheimer and antioxidant activities of Coptidis Rhizoma alkaloids. , 2009, Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin.

[76]  R. Pi,et al.  Neuropharmacological and pharmacokinetic properties of berberine: a review of recent research , 2009 .

[77]  Ling Yang,et al.  Huperzine A protects isolated rat brain mitochondria against beta-amyloid peptide. , 2009, Free radical biology & medicine.

[78]  Z. Janka,et al.  Capsaicin promotes the amyloidogenic route of brain amyloid precursor protein processing , 2009, Neurochemistry International.

[79]  B. Austen,et al.  Galantamine inhibits β-amyloid aggregation and cytotoxicity , 2009, Journal of the Neurological Sciences.

[80]  P. Agostinho,et al.  Galantamine protects against oxidative stress induced by amyloid‐beta peptide in cortical neurons , 2009, The European journal of neuroscience.

[81]  D. Gang,et al.  In vitro production of huperzine A, a promising drug candidate for Alzheimer's disease. , 2008, Phytochemistry.

[82]  B. Dong,et al.  Huperzine A for Alzheimer's disease. , 2008, The Cochrane database of systematic reviews.

[83]  D. Hwang,et al.  Nicotine Leads to Improvements in Behavioral Impairment and an Increase in the Nicotine Acetylcholine Receptor in Transgenic Mice , 2008, Neurochemical Research.

[84]  S. Tayebati,et al.  Pathways of acetylcholine synthesis, transport and release as targets for treatment of adult-onset cognitive dysfunction. , 2008, Current medicinal chemistry.

[85]  Hyun-Jeong Cho,et al.  DYRK1A-mediated Hyperphosphorylation of Tau , 2007, Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[86]  M. Leist,et al.  Efficacy of small‐molecule glycogen synthase kinase‐3 inhibitors in the postnatal rat model of tau hyperphosphorylation , 2007, British journal of pharmacology.

[87]  D. Gang,et al.  Huperzine A from Huperzia species--an ethnopharmacolgical review. , 2007, Journal of ethnopharmacology.

[88]  Sung-Jen Wei,et al.  Microglia-Mediated Neurotoxicity Is Inhibited by Morphine through an Opioid Receptor-Independent Reduction of NADPH Oxidase Activity1 , 2007, The Journal of Immunology.

[89]  G. Koob,et al.  Drug addiction: Pathways to the disease and pathophysiological perspectives , 2007, European Neuropsychopharmacology.

[90]  D. Souza,et al.  Caffeine and adenosine A2a receptor antagonists prevent β-amyloid (25–35)-induced cognitive deficits in mice , 2007, Experimental Neurology.

[91]  T. Saido,et al.  Berberine alters the processing of Alzheimer's amyloid precursor protein to decrease Abeta secretion. , 2007, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

[92]  A. Akaike,et al.  Neuroprotective effects of galanthamine and tacrine against glutamate neurotoxicity. , 2006, European journal of pharmacology.

[93]  L. Zacharia,et al.  Caffeine protects Alzheimer’s mice against cognitive impairment and reduces brain β-amyloid production , 2006, Neuroscience.

[94]  L. Cipak,et al.  Berberine-antiproliferative activity in vitro and induction of apoptosis/necrosis of the U937 and B16 cells. , 2006, Cancer letters.

[95]  X. Tang,et al.  Huperzine a attenuates mitochondrial dysfunction in β‐amyloid‐treated PC12 cells by reducing oxygen free radicals accumulation and improving mitochondrial energy metabolism , 2006, Journal of neuroscience research.

[96]  Han Yan,et al.  Effects of huperzine A on memory deficits and neurotrophic factors production after transient cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in mice , 2006, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior.

[97]  G. Stefano,et al.  Morphine modulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome complex is neuroprotective. , 2005, Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research.

[98]  Yi Ding,et al.  Kinetic difference of berberine between hippocampus and plasma in rat after intravenous administration of Coptidis rhizoma extract. , 2005, Life sciences.

[99]  Rui Wang,et al.  Huperzine A protects SHSY5Y neuroblastoma cells against oxidative stress damage via nerve growth factor production. , 2005, European journal of pharmacology.

[100]  Rui Wang,et al.  Effects of huperzine A on secretion of nerve growth factor in cultured rat cortical astrocytes and neurite outgrowth in rat PC12 cells , 2005, Acta Pharmacologica Sinica.

[101]  S. Shimohama,et al.  Galantamine modulates nicotinic receptor and blocks Abeta-enhanced glutamate toxicity. , 2004, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

[102]  M. Wolfe,et al.  Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, Interleukin-1β, and Interferon-γ Stimulate γ-Secretase-mediated Cleavage of Amyloid Precursor Protein through a JNK-dependent MAPK Pathway* , 2004, Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[103]  L. Račková,et al.  Antiradical and antioxidant activities of alkaloids isolated from Mahonia aquifolium. Structural aspects. , 2004, Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry.

[104]  R. Veerhuis,et al.  How chronic inflammation can affect the brain and support the development of Alzheimer's disease in old age: the role of microglia and astrocytes , 2004, Aging cell.

[105]  V. Kettmann,et al.  In vitro cytotoxicity of berberine against HeLa and L1210 cancer cell lines. , 2004, Die Pharmazie.

[106]  M. Heinrich,et al.  Galanthamine from snowdrop--the development of a modern drug against Alzheimer's disease from local Caucasian knowledge. , 2004, Journal of ethnopharmacology.

[107]  S. Sim,et al.  In vitro vasodilator mechanisms of the indole alkaloids rhynchophylline and isorhynchophylline, isolated from the hook of Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miquel) , 2004, Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology.

[108]  D. Tao,et al.  [Protective effect of berberine on cardiac myocyte injured by ischemia-reperfusion]. , 2003, Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition.

[109]  Shigetoshi Kadota,et al.  In vitro antiplasmodial activity of antimalarial medicinal plants used in Vietnamese traditional medicine. , 2003, Journal of ethnopharmacology.

[110]  Ashley I. Bush,et al.  The metallobiology of Alzheimer's disease , 2003, Trends in Neurosciences.

[111]  Jing-Shan Shi,et al.  Pharmacological actions of Uncaria alkaloids, rhynchophylline and isorhynchophylline. , 2003, Acta pharmacologica Sinica.

[112]  E. Kuepeli,et al.  A comparative study on the anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and antipyretic effects of isoquinoline alkaloids from the roots of Turkish Berberis species. , 2002, Life sciences.

[113]  Andrew P. Smith,et al.  Effects of caffeine on human behavior. , 2002, Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association.

[114]  A. de Mendonça,et al.  Does caffeine intake protect from Alzheimer's disease? , 2002, European journal of neurology.

[115]  G. Hu,et al.  Spermidine antagonizes the inhibitory effect of huperzine A on [3H]dizocilpine (MK-801) binding in synaptic membrane of rat cerebral cortex , 2002, Neuroscience Letters.

[116]  I. Price,et al.  Effects of Transdermal Nicotine on Learning, Memory, Verbal Fluency, Concentration, and General Health in a Healthy Sample at Risk for Dementia , 2001, International Psychogeriatrics.

[117]  R. K. Gordon,et al.  The NMDA receptor ion channel: a site for binding of huperzine A , 2001, Journal of applied toxicology : JAT.

[118]  Rui Wang,et al.  Huperzine A attenuates hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis by regulating expression of apoptosis-related genes in rat PC12 cells , 2001, Neuroreport.

[119]  G. Hu,et al.  Huperzine A, a nootropic alkaloid, inhibits N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced current in rat dissociated hippocampal neurons , 2001, Neuroscience.

[120]  Jin Zhou,et al.  Huperzine A protects rat pheochromocytoma cells against oxygen–glucose deprivation , 2001, Neuroreport.

[121]  X. Tang,et al.  Huperzine A attenuates cognitive dysfunction and neuronal degeneration caused by beta-amyloid protein-(1-40) in rat. , 2001, European journal of pharmacology.

[122]  D. Woodruff-Pak,et al.  Galantamine: effect on nicotinic receptor binding, acetylcholinesterase inhibition, and learning. , 2001, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[123]  G L Snyder,et al.  Indirubins inhibit glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta and CDK5/p25, two protein kinases involved in abnormal tau phosphorylation in Alzheimer's disease. A property common to most cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors? , 2001, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[124]  Kinzo Matsumoto,et al.  Effects of Uncaria tomentosa Total Alkaloid and its Components on Experimental Amnesia in Mice: Elucidation Using the Passive Avoidance Test , 2000, The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology.

[125]  K. Goa,et al.  Galantamine , 2000, Drugs.

[126]  Lon S. Schneider.  A critical review of cholinesterase inhibitors as a treatment modality in Alzheimer's disease , 2000, Dialogues in clinical neuroscience.

[127]  P. A. Peterson,et al.  β-Amyloid1–42 Binds to α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor with High Affinity , 2000, Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[128]  P. Xiao,et al.  [Cerebral protective effects of some compounds isolated from traditional Chinese herbs]. , 1999, Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica.

[129]  E. Levin,et al.  Four-week nicotine skin patch treatment effects on cognitive performance in Alzheimer’s disease , 1999, Psychopharmacology.

[130]  B. Fredholm,et al.  Actions of caffeine in the brain with special reference to factors that contribute to its widespread use. , 1999, Pharmacological reviews.

[131]  Astrid Nehlig,et al.  Are we dependent upon coffee and caffeine? A review on human and animal data , 1999, Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews.

[132]  A. Lawrence,et al.  The Cognitive Psychopharmacology of Alzheimer's Disease: Focus on Cholinergic Systems , 1998, Neurochemical Research.

[133]  K. Gulya,et al.  The cholinergic system in Alzheimer's disease , 1997, Progress in Neurobiology.

[134]  A. Skolnick.  Screening to help asthmatics breathe easier. , 1997, JAMA.

[135]  R. Friedland,et al.  Nicotine inhibits amyloid formation by the beta-peptide. , 1996, Biochemistry.

[136]  A. Mutlib,et al.  Pharmacological evaluation of novel Alzheimer's disease therapeutics: acetylcholinesterase inhibitors related to galanthamine. , 1996, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[137]  A. Kozikowski,et al.  Comparison of the effects of natural and synthetic huperzine-A on rat brain cholinergic function in vitro and in vivo. , 1994, Journal of ethnopharmacology.

[138]  E. Vartiainen,et al.  Twenty-year trends in coronary risk factors in north Karelia and in other areas of Finland. , 1994, International journal of epidemiology.

[139]  Jim Mintz,et al.  In vivo evaluation of brain iron in Alzheimer's disease and normal subjects using MRI , 1994, Biological Psychiatry.

[140]  L. Yue,et al.  Inhibitory effect of rhynchophylline on platelet aggregation and thrombosis. , 1992, Zhongguo yao li xue bao = Acta pharmacologica Sinica.

[141]  W. Weber,et al.  Galanthamine: pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution and cholinesterase inhibition in brain of mice , 1991, Neuropharmacology.

[142]  E. Giacobini,et al.  Effect of huperzine A, a new cholinesterase inhibitor, on the central cholinergic system of the rat , 1989, Journal of neuroscience research.

[143]  Jia-sen Liu,et al.  The structures of huperzine A and B, two new alkaloids exhibiting marked anticholinesterase activity , 1986 .

[144]  X. Tang,et al.  [Anti-cholinesterase activity of huperzine A]. , 1986, Zhongguo yao li xue bao = Acta pharmacologica Sinica.

[145]  K. Abe,et al.  Combination Therapy of Cholinesterase Inhibitor (Donepezil or Galantamine) plus Memantine in the Okayama Memantine Study. , 2015, Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD.

[146]  P. Caramelli,et al.  Predictive factors of clinical response to cholinesterase inhibitors in mild and moderate Alzheimer's disease and mixed dementia: a one-year naturalistic study. , 2015, Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD.

[147]  D. Gao,et al.  The Binding Receptors of Aβ: an Alternative Therapeutic Target for Alzheimer’s Disease , 2014, Molecular Neurobiology.

[148]  Justin C. Y. Wu,et al.  Isorhynchophylline treatment improves the amyloid-β-induced cognitive impairment in rats via inhibition of neuronal apoptosis and tau protein hyperphosphorylation. , 2014, Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD.

[149]  I. Knuesel,et al.  Deciphering the mechanism underlying late-onset Alzheimer disease , 2013, Nature Reviews Neurology.

[150]  Xia Jiang,et al.  Capsaicin ameliorates stress-induced Alzheimer's disease-like pathological and cognitive impairments in rats. , 2013, Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD.

[151]  Xi-can Tang,et al.  Decreased accumulation of subcellular amyloid-β with improved mitochondrial function mediates the neuroprotective effect of huperzine A. , 2012, Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD.

[152]  Q. Tian,et al.  Berberine attenuates calyculin A-induced cytotoxicity and Tau hyperphosphorylation in HEK293 cells. , 2011, Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD.

[153]  D. Sattelle,et al.  Cotinine reduces amyloid-β aggregation and improves memory in Alzheimer's disease mice. , 2011, Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD.

[154]  George Perry,et al.  Increased iron and free radical generation in preclinical Alzheimer disease and mild cognitive impairment. , 2010, Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD.

[155]  N. Milgram,et al.  Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease: are NSAIDs and selective COX-2 inhibitors the next line of therapy? , 2010, Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD.

[156]  V. Echeverria,et al.  Caffeine reverses cognitive impairment and decreases brain amyloid-beta levels in aged Alzheimer's disease mice. , 2009, Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD.

[157]  C. Hsieh,et al.  Uncaria rhynchophylla and Rhynchophylline inhibit c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation and nuclear factor-kappaB activity in kainic acid-treated rats. , 2009, The American journal of Chinese medicine.

[158]  Rui Wang,et al.  Molecular dynamics simulations of interaction between protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B and a bidentate inhibitor , 2006, Acta Pharmacologica Sinica.

[159]  T. Thomsen,et al.  Stereoselectivity of cholinesterase inhibition by galanthamine and tolerance in humans , 2004, European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology.

[160]  Luc Truyen,et al.  A Long-Term Comparison of Galantamine and Donepezil in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease , 2003, Drugs & aging.

[161]  H. Zhang,et al.  Huperzine A attenuates amyloid β‐peptide fragment 25‐35‐induced apoptosis in rat cortical neurons via inhibiting reactive oxygen species formation and caspase‐3 activation , 2002, Journal of neuroscience research.

[162]  G. Hu,et al.  Modulation of NMDA receptor by huperzine A in rat cerebral cortex. , 1999, Zhongguo yao li xue bao = Acta pharmacologica Sinica.

[163]  X. Tang,et al.  Anticholinesterase effects of huperzine A, E2020, and tacrine in rats. , 1998, Zhongguo yao li xue bao = Acta pharmacologica Sinica.

[164]  Yuan-Ping Pang,et al.  Structure of acetylcholinesterase complexed with the nootropic alkaloid, (–)-huperzine A , 1997, Nature Structural Biology.

[165]  E X Albuquerque,et al.  Agonist responses of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are potentiated by a novel class of allosterically acting ligands. , 1996, Molecular pharmacology.

[166]  A. Harvey,et al.  The pharmacology of galanthamine and its analogues. , 1995, Pharmacology & therapeutics.