Theory of Thermal Conductivity

Heat energy can be transmitted through solids via electrical carriers (electrons or holes), lattice waves (phonons), electromagnetic waves, spin waves, or other excitations. In metals electrical carriers carry the majority of the heat, while in insulators lattice waves are the dominant heat transporter. Normally, the total thermal conductivity can be written as a sum of all the components representing various excitations: 1⁄4 X ; ð1Þ

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