Environmentally safe treatment of black liquor with Comamonas sp. B‐9 under high‐alkaline conditions

The strain Comamonas sp. B‐9 was isolated from steeping fluid of erosive bamboo slips derived from Kingdom Wu during the Three‐Kingdoms Dynasty of ancient China (A.D. 220–280). It could be used to treat black liquor (BL) with high‐alkaline pH and with an initial chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 18,000–25,000 mg L−1, without the addition of other carbon and nitrogen sources. The results revealed that Comamonas sp. B–9 was capable of reducing the COD, color, and lignin content of BL by up to 56.8, 35.3, and 43.5%, respectively. High levels of laccase, manganese peroxidase, cellulase, and xylanase enzymatic activities were also observed, and these enzymes could play an important role in the biotreatment of BL. Further, GC–MS analysis showed that most of the compounds detected in BL after biotreatment with Comamonas sp. B‐9 were diminished, while 4‐methyl benzaldehyde, 3,4,5‐trihydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester, and 4‐hydroxy‐3,5‐dimethoxy benzaldehyde were produced as metabolites. The presented results indicate that Comamonas sp. B‐9 has potential application for the treatment of wastewaters from pulp and paper processing with high COD load under high‐alkaline conditions.

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