Human Performance in Continuous/Sustained Operations and the Demands of Extended Work/Rest Schedules: An Annotated Bibliography. Volume 2

Abstract : A society intent upon maintaining high productivity levels 24 hours per day, and on providing a variety of services around the clock, produced occupations and circumstances requiring prolonged, continuous work periods. The performance of workers under conditions of sustained or continuous work has become an important topic in industrial psychology, and in particular, in the military services. There are some traditional jobs, circumstances, and even some new occupations that involve prolonged, sustained work periods without rest, in which individual workers continue beyond the normal 8 to 10 hour work day. In many of these sustained work situations, the termination point for a shift is unknown. Such activities usually require prolonging physical stamina and sustaining high levels of organizational and cognitive effectiveness. These continuous operations are of two types: First, there are extended operations, jobs, or tasks that proceed continuously with only a short break or breaks, but that operate within typical shift system for lengthy periods, longer that a normal duty day. The worker knows he or she will be relieved or able to rest. Second, there are sustained operations, planned or unplanned, goal-oriented, nonstop continuous performance/operations without allowance for rest or sleep, in which the worker is expected to keep going as long as he or she can. Both have very important worker performance and behavioral implications. Keywords: Aviator fatigue; Bibliography; Circadian rhythms; Continuous operations; Continuous work; Fatigue; Jet lag; Sleep deprivation; Soldier performance; Sustained operations.

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