A study on low-velocity impact damage of Z-pin reinforced laminates

Based on a low-velocity impact test, four main modes of low-velocity impact damage, including matrix cracking, delaminating, fiber failure and matrix crushing, are taken into account. By using the proper failure criterion, the lowvelocity impact damage of z-pin reinforced laminates can be realized. The results of FEM simulation, which indicate that a z-pin makes the area of delamination reduced by approximately 50%, are in good agreement with the experimental C-scan results.

[1]  Francis Collombet,et al.  Impact behavior of laminated composites: Physical basis for finite element analysis , 1998 .

[2]  Jong-Min Choi,et al.  Effects of external humidification on the performance of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell , 2007 .

[3]  D. Barrett.  The mechanics of z-fiber reinforcement , 1996 .

[4]  Stephen R Hallett,et al.  Prediction of impact damage in composite plates , 2000 .

[5]  M. Benzeggagh,et al.  Measurement of mixed-mode delamination fracture toughness of unidirectional glass/epoxy composites with mixed-mode bending apparatus , 1996 .

[6]  Pedro P. Camanho,et al.  Analysis of the Effects of Residual Strains and Defects on Skin/Stiffener Debonding using Decohesion Elements , 2003 .

[7]  B. Cotterell,et al.  Fracture of fiber-reinforced materials , 1988 .

[8]  Pedro P. Camanho,et al.  Numerical Simulation of Delamination Growth in Composite Materials , 2001 .

[9]  Laurent Daudeville,et al.  Delamination analysis by damage mechanics: Some applications , 1995 .

[10]  J. E. Grady,et al.  Dynamic delamination fracture toughness of a graphite/epoxy laminate under impact , 1988 .

[11]  Y. Gao.  Damage modelling of fiber reinforced composites , 1989 .

[12]  Abel Rouboa,et al.  Computational fluid dynamics analysis of greenhouse microclimates by heated underground tubes , 2007 .

[13]  R. Arridge.  Fracture of Fibre Reinforced Materials , 1969, Nature.

[14]  Michele Meo,et al.  Prediction of stiffness and stresses in z-fibre reinforced composite laminates , 2002 .

[15]  Brian N. Cox,et al.  Slip, stick, and reverse slip characteristics during dynamic fibre pullout , 2003 .