Evaluating Natural Resource Investments Under Different Model Dynamics: Managerial Insights

We focus on factors that drive the dynamics of commodity prices. We highlight the capital budgeting implications of three highly-cited, nested, multi-factor models for commodity prices that have been successful in empirical investigations. Competing assumptions regarding commodity prices and their convenience yields can account for differences close to 40% on average, and in excess of 60% in cases, in the valuation of typical natural resource investments. These value differences are found to increase with the maturity and the intrinsic value of the investment, and also with the level and the volatility of the resource's convenience yield. Resources such as oil or copper, that are used for production purposes, usually exhibit high and volatile convenience yields; thus our findings should be more relevant for decision-makers in such sectors.

[1]  Gonzalo Cortazar,et al.  Simulation and Numerical Methods in Real Options Valuation , 2000 .

[2]  Eduardo S. Schwartz The stochastic behavior of commodity prices: Implications for valuation and hedging , 1997 .

[3]  Lars Stentoft Assessing the Least Squares Monte-Carlo Approach to American Option Valuation , 2004 .

[4]  John Rust Using Randomization to Break the Curse of Dimensionality , 1997 .

[5]  K. Judd Numerical methods in economics , 1998 .

[6]  R. C. Merton,et al.  Theory of Rational Option Pricing , 2015, World Scientific Reference on Contingent Claims Analysis in Corporate Finance.

[7]  F. Black,et al.  The Pricing of Options and Corporate Liabilities , 1973, Journal of Political Economy.

[8]  M. Brennan The Supply of Storage , 1976 .

[9]  B. Øksendal,et al.  Optimal Switching in an Economic Activity Under Uncertainty , 1994 .

[10]  S. A. Abdel Sabour,et al.  Valuing Real Capital Investments Using The Least-Squares Monte Carlo Method , 2006 .

[11]  O. Tourinho The Option Value of Reserves of Natural Resources , 1979 .

[12]  P. Boyle Options: A Monte Carlo approach , 1977 .

[13]  Nelson Areal,et al.  On improving the least squares Monte Carlo option valuation method , 2008 .

[14]  Nelson Areal,et al.  Improvements to the Least Squares Monte Carlo Option Valuation Method , 2008 .

[15]  Francis A. Longstaff,et al.  Valuing American Options by Simulation: A Simple Least-Squares Approach , 2001 .

[16]  Manuel Moreno,et al.  On the Robustness of Least-Squares Monte Carlo (LSM) for Pricing American Derivatives , 2007 .

[17]  Eduardo S. Schwartz,et al.  Stochastic Convenience Yield and the Pricing of Oil Contingent Claims , 1990 .

[18]  Paul Glasserman,et al.  Monte Carlo Methods in Financial Engineering , 2003 .

[19]  R. Pindyck Uncertainty and Exhaustible Resource Markets , 1980, Journal of Political Economy.

[20]  M. E. Muller,et al.  A Note on the Generation of Random Normal Deviates , 1958 .

[21]  L. Booth Capital Cash Flows, APV and Valuation , 2007 .

[22]  T. A. Bray,et al.  A Convenient Method for Generating Normal Variables , 1964 .

[23]  Giuseppe Alesii Assessing Least Squares Monte Carlo for the Kulatilaka Trigeorgis General Real Options Pricing Model , 2008 .

[24]  Philip Protter,et al.  An analysis of a least squares regression method for American option pricing , 2002, Finance Stochastics.

[25]  P. Collin‐Dufresne,et al.  Stochastic Convenience Yield Implied from Commodity Futures and Interest Rates , 2005 .

[26]  Eduardo S. Schwartz,et al.  Short-Term Variations and Long-Term Dynamics in Commodity Prices , 2000 .

[27]  Eduardo S. Schwartz,et al.  Evaluating Natural Resource Investments , 1985 .

[28]  Lars Stentoft,et al.  Convergence of the Least Squares Monte Carlo Approach to American Option Valuation , 2004, Manag. Sci..

[29]  John Rust Numerical dynamic programming in economics , 1996 .

[30]  Oldrich A. Vasicek An equilibrium characterization of the term structure , 1977 .

[31]  Benjamin Esty,et al.  Why Study Large Projects? An Introduction to Research on Project Finance , 2004 .

[32]  Gonzalo Cortazar,et al.  The valuation of multidimensional American real options using the LSM simulation method , 2008, Comput. Oper. Res..

[33]  Gonzalo Cortazar,et al.  Implementing a stochastic model for oil futures prices , 2003 .