MS/MS Digital Readout: Analysis of Binary Information Encoded in the Monomer Sequences of Poly(triazole amide)s.

Tandem mass spectrometry was evaluated as a reliable sequencing methodology to read codes encrypted in monodisperse sequence-coded oligo(triazole amide)s. The studied oligomers were composed of monomers containing a triazole ring, a short ethylene oxide segment, and an amide group as well as a short alkyl chain (propyl or isobutyl) which defined the 0/1 molecular binary code. Using electrospray ionization, oligo(triazole amide)s were best ionized as protonated molecules and were observed to adopt a single charge state, suggesting that adducted protons were located on every other monomer unit. Upon collisional activation, cleavages of the amide bond and of one ether bond were observed to proceed in each monomer, yielding two sets of complementary product ions. Distribution of protons over the precursor structure was found to remain unchanged upon activation, allowing charge state to be anticipated for product ions in the four series and hence facilitating their assignment for a straightforward characterization of any encoded oligo(triazole amide)s.

[1]  M. Eberlin,et al.  Electrospray ionization mass and tandem mass spectra of a series of N-pyrazolylmethyl and N-triazolylmethyl N-phenylpiperazines: new dopaminergic ligands with potential antipsychotic properties. , 2005, Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS.

[2]  L. Charles,et al.  Tandem mass spectrometry of doubly charged poly(ethylene oxide) oligomers produced by electrospray ionization , 2008 .

[3]  M. Walla,et al.  A novel rearrangement of fluorescent human thymidylate synthase inhibitor analogues in ESI tandem mass spectrometry , 2010, Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry.

[4]  J. Tabet,et al.  Post-source decay time-of-flight study of fragmentation mechanisms of protonated synthetic polymers under matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization conditions. , 2002, Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM.

[5]  T. Reemtsma,et al.  Determination of benzotriazole corrosion inhibitors from aqueous environmental samples by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. , 2005, Analytical chemistry.

[6]  J. Lutz,et al.  Tandem mass spectrometry sequencing in the negative ion mode to read binary information encoded in sequence-defined poly(alkoxyamine amide)s. , 2016, Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM.

[7]  Jean-François Lutz,et al.  Liquid-phase synthesis of block copolymers containing sequence-ordered segments. , 2009, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[8]  P. Roepstorff,et al.  Proposal for a common nomenclature for sequence ions in mass spectra of peptides. , 1984, Biomedical mass spectrometry.

[9]  Jean-François Lutz,et al.  Preparation of Information-Containing Macromolecules by Ligation of Dyad-Encoded Oligomers. , 2015, Chemistry.

[10]  M. Bowers,et al.  Microstructural and conformational studies of polyether copolymers , 2004 .

[11]  L. Charles,et al.  Microstructural study of a nitroxide-mediated poly(ethylene oxide)/polystyrene block copolymer (PEO-b-PS) by electrospray tandem mass spectrometry , 2008, Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry.

[12]  J. Martins,et al.  Multifunctionalized sequence-defined oligomers from a single building block. , 2013, Angewandte Chemie.

[13]  Jean-François Lutz,et al.  Synthesis of non-natural sequence-encoded polymers using phosphoramidite chemistry. , 2015, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[14]  W. Buchmann,et al.  Block lengths and block sequence of linear triblock and glycerol derivative diblock copolyethers by electrospray ionization--collision-induced dissociation mass spectrometry. , 2006, Analytical chemistry.

[15]  C. Wesdemiotis,et al.  Characterization of a Poly(fluorooxetane) and Poly(fluorooxetane-co-THF) by MALDI Mass Spectrometry, Size Exclusion Chromatography, and NMR Spectroscopy , 2006 .

[16]  J. Lutz,et al.  Reading polymers: sequencing of natural and synthetic macromolecules. , 2014, Angewandte Chemie.

[17]  C. Wesdemiotis,et al.  Unimolecular Chemistry of Li+- and Na+-Coordinated Polyglycol Radicals, a New Class of Distonic Radical Cations , 2000 .

[18]  R. Lattimer Tandem mass spectrometry of lithium-attachment ions from polyglycols , 1992, Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry.

[19]  T. Wyttenbach,et al.  Conformation of Macromolecules in the Gas Phase: Use of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Methods in Ion Chromatography , 1995, Science.

[20]  Jean-François Lutz,et al.  Information-containing macromolecules. , 2014, Nature chemistry.

[21]  David R. Liu,et al.  Sequence-Controlled Polymers , 2013, Science.

[22]  Jean-François Lutz,et al.  Synthesis of molecularly encoded oligomers using a chemoselective "AB + CD" iterative approach. , 2014, Macromolecular rapid communications.

[23]  Laurence Lecamp,et al.  Tandem mass spectrometry of low solubility polyamides. , 2014, Analytica chimica acta.

[24]  L. Charles Influence of internal standard charge state on the accuracy of mass measurements in orthogonal acceleration time-of-flight mass spectrometers. , 2008, Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM.

[25]  David R. Liu,et al.  Enzyme-Free Translation of DNA into Sequence-Defined Synthetic Polymers Structurally Unrelated to Nucleic Acids , 2013, Nature chemistry.

[26]  Mintu Porel,et al.  Sequence-defined polymers via orthogonal allyl acrylamide building blocks. , 2014, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[27]  Jean-François Lutz,et al.  Design and synthesis of digitally encoded polymers that can be decoded and erased , 2015, Nature Communications.

[28]  A. Laskin,et al.  Molecular characterization of nitrogen-containing organic compounds in biomass burning aerosols using high-resolution mass spectrometry. , 2009, Environmental science & technology.

[29]  R. Zuckermann,et al.  High-throughput sequencing of peptoids and peptide-peptoid hybrids by partial edman degradation and mass spectrometry. , 2009, Journal of combinatorial chemistry.

[30]  C. Wesdemiotis,et al.  Fragmentation pathways of polymer ions. , 2011, Mass spectrometry reviews.

[31]  Jean-François Lutz,et al.  MS/MS Sequencing of Digitally Encoded Poly(alkoxyamine amide)s , 2015 .

[32]  M. Meier,et al.  Dual side chain control in the synthesis of novel sequence-defined oligomers through the Ugi four-component reaction , 2015 .

[33]  Jean-François Lutz,et al.  Synthesis of Monodisperse Sequence-Coded Polymers with Chain Lengths above DP100. , 2015, ACS macro letters.

[34]  Jean-François Lutz,et al.  Coding Macromolecules: Inputting Information in Polymers Using Monomer-Based Alphabets , 2015 .

[35]  C. Wesdemiotis,et al.  Sequence analysis of styrenic copolymers by tandem mass spectrometry. , 2014, Analytical chemistry.

[36]  Synthesis of Monodisperse Sequence‐Defined Polymers Using Protecting‐Group‐Free Iterative Strategies , 2015 .

[37]  R. Lattimer Tandem mass spectrometry of poly(ethylene glycol) lithium-attachment ions , 1994, Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry.

[38]  J. W. Ward,et al.  Efficient assembly of threaded molecular machines for sequence-specific synthesis. , 2014, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[39]  C. Iacobucci,et al.  Dinuclear copper intermediates in copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition directly observed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. , 2015, Angewandte Chemie.

[40]  J. Lutz,et al.  Convergent synthesis of digitally-encoded poly(alkoxyamine amide)s. , 2015, Chemical Communications.