A Computational Analysis of Ground Test Studies of the HIFiRE-1 Transition Experiment

*† ‡ Comparisons to measurements made in the CUBRC LENS-I facility on a full-scale HIFiRE-1 vehicle at duplicated flight conditions have been made with the computational fluid dynamics code DPLR and the parabolized stability code STABL. These comparisons include laminar heating, transition onset, turbulent heating, and turbulent shock-induced separation covering all major aspects of the ground test experiment. These results and comparisons serve as a design package for the future flight article. It has been found that several issues remain with regards to state-of-the-art RANS modeling, both on the attached forebody flow and in the interaction region. On the attached forebody, heating predictions compared to ground test measurements have shown that the turbulence models can overpredict the measurements by up to 30% and initial investigations suggest that this discrepancy may be linked to total to wall temperature ratio. In the interaction region, the comparison with experiment has shown the importance of proper stress-limiting of the Reynolds stress tensor to obtain good agreement.

[1]  Timothy Wadhams,et al.  Ground Test Studies of the HIFiRE-1 Transition Experiment Part 2: Computational Analysis , 2008 .

[2]  Roger L. Kimmel,et al.  HIFiRE-1 Boundary Layer Transition Experiment Design , 2007 .

[3]  G. Candler,et al.  Data-Parallel Line Relaxation Method for the Navier -Stokes Equations , 1998 .

[4]  S. A. Losev,et al.  Relaxation Processes in Shock Waves , 1967 .

[5]  Graham V. Candler,et al.  Detached Eddy simulation of hypersonic base flows during atmospheric entry , 2006 .

[6]  Graham V. Candler,et al.  The solution of the Navier-Stokes equations using Gauss-Seidel line relaxation , 1989 .

[7]  Graham V. Candler,et al.  Analysis of laminar-turbulent transition in hypersonic flight using PSE-chem , 2006 .

[8]  Graham V. Candler,et al.  EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES IN THE LENS SHOCK TUNNEL AND EXPANSION TUNNEL TO EXAMINE REAL-GAS EFFECTS IN HYPERVELOCITY FLOWS , 2004 .

[9]  Timothy Wadhams,et al.  Pre-Flight Ground Testing of the Full-Scale FRESH FX- 1 at Fully Duplicated Flight Conditions , 2007 .

[10]  Graham V. Candler,et al.  Numerical evaluation of flow conditions in the LENS reflected shock-tunnel facilities , 2005 .

[11]  Graham V. Candler,et al.  Comparisons of Transition Prediction using PSE-Chem to Measurements for a Shock Tunnel Environment , 2007 .

[12]  John D. Ramshaw,et al.  Self-Consistent Effective Binary Diffusion in Multicomponent Gas Mixtures , 1990 .

[13]  James Brown,et al.  Turbulence Model Validation for Hypersonic Flows , 2002 .

[14]  Roger C. Millikan,et al.  Systematics of Vibrational Relaxation , 1963 .

[15]  Grant Palmer,et al.  A Comparison of Methods to Compute High-Temperature Gas Thermal Conductivity , 2003 .

[16]  Chul Park,et al.  Assessment of two-temperature kinetic model for ionizing air , 1987 .

[17]  P. Bradshaw,et al.  Turbulence Models for Compressible Boundary Layers , 1994 .

[18]  Graham V. Candler,et al.  Hypersonic nozzle analysis using an excluded volume equation of state , 2005 .

[19]  David Saunders,et al.  An Approach to Shock Envelope Grid Tailoring and Its Effect on Reentry Vehicle Solutions , 2007 .

[20]  Grant Palmer,et al.  Comparison of methods to compute high-temperature gas viscosity , 2002 .

[21]  G. Candler.  Chemistry of external flows , 1995 .

[22]  Richard A. Thompson,et al.  A review of reaction rates and thermodynamic and transport properties for the 11-species air model for chemical and thermal nonequilibrium calculations to 30000 K , 1989 .

[23]  T. Herbert.  Boundary-layer transition - Analysis and prediction revisited , 1991 .

[24]  Graham V. Candler,et al.  Boundary layer stability analysis to support the HIFiRE transition experiment , 2007 .

[25]  P. V. Marrone,et al.  Chemical Relaxation with Preferential Dissociation from Excited Vibrational Levels , 1963 .

[26]  M. Holden,et al.  Shock Wave Turbulent Boundary Layer Interaction in Hypersonic Flow , 1972 .

[27]  Michael Holden,et al.  Measuring Nitric Oxide Freestream Velocity Using a Quantum Cascade Laser at CUBRC , 2007 .

[28]  B. Aupoix,et al.  Improved Turbulence Models For Compressible Boundary Layers , 1998 .

[29]  F. Menter.  Two-equation eddy-viscosity turbulence models for engineering applications , 1994 .

[30]  H. Lomax,et al.  Thin-layer approximation and algebraic model for separated turbulent flows , 1978 .

[31]  Frank Thiele,et al.  Restatement of the Spalart-Allmaras Eddy-Viscosity Model in Strain-Adaptive Formulation , 2003 .

[32]  Graham V. Candler,et al.  Review of Chemical-Kinetic Problems of Future NASA Missions, II: Mars Entries , 1993 .

[33]  P. Spalart.  A One-Equation Turbulence Model for Aerodynamic Flows , 1992 .

[34]  G. Candler,et al.  Hypersonic Boundary Layer Stability Analysis Using PSE-Chem , 2005 .