Exchange rate uncertainty and employment : an algorithm describing 'play'

The paper deals with the impacts of exchange rate uncertainty on the relationship between macroeconomic labour market variables. Under uncertainty, areas of weak reactions—so‐called ‘play’ areas—have to be considered at the macrolevel. The width of the play area is a positive function of the degree of uncertainty. When changes go beyond the play‐area suddenly strong reactions (‘spurts’) occur. These non‐linear dynamics are captured in a simplified linearized way. An algorithm describing linear play hysteresis is developed and implemented into a regression framework. As an empirical application, the exchange rate impacts on German employment are analysed considering play effects. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

[1]  G. Pfann,et al.  Non-linear error correction, asymmetric adjustment and cointegration , 1998 .

[2]  P. Feder On Asymptotic Distribution Theory in Segmented Regression Problems-- Identified Case , 1975 .

[3]  Giuseppe Bertola,et al.  Firing Costs and Labour Demand: How Bad is Eurosclerosis? , 1990 .

[4]  M. Hashem Pesaran,et al.  Cross-sectional aggregation of non-linear models , 2000 .

[5]  M. Krasnosel’skiǐ,et al.  Systems with Hysteresis , 1989 .

[6]  G. Judge,et al.  The Theory and Practice of Econometrics , 1981 .

[7]  A. H. Hallett,et al.  The Impact of Exchange Rate Uncertainty on the Level of Investment , 1999 .

[8]  D. Hinkley Inference in Two-Phase Regression , 1971 .

[9]  Kenneth S. Rogoff,et al.  Exchange rate models of the seventies. Do they fit out of sample , 1983 .

[10]  R. Cross THE MACROECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF DISCONTINUOUS ADJUSTMENT: SELECTIVE MEMORY OF NON‐DOMINATED EXTREMA , 1994 .

[11]  J. Henry,et al.  Unit Root in the Wage‐Price Spiral Is Not Hysteresis in Unemployment , 1993 .

[12]  A. Belke,et al.  A Simple Model of Hysteresis in Employment under Exchange Rate Uncertainty , 1999 .

[13]  David C. Parsley,et al.  Insignificant and Inconsequential Hysteresis: The Case of the U.S. Bilateral Trade , 1993 .

[14]  D. Gros,et al.  Evidence on the Costs of Intra-European Exchange Rate Variability , 1998 .

[15]  E. Ziegel Introduction to the Theory and Practice of Econometrics , 1989 .

[16]  D. Hinkley Inference about the intersection in two-phase regression , 1969 .

[17]  D. Gros,et al.  Effects of European Monetary Integration on Unemployment: How Costly Was (Intra-European) Exchange Rate Variability? , 2000 .

[18]  T. Mayer,et al.  The European Monetary System: Recent Developments , 1986 .

[19]  Eduardo S. Schwartz,et al.  Investment Under Uncertainty. , 1994 .

[20]  J. Henry,et al.  Strong hysteresis versus zero-root dynamics , 1994 .

[21]  A. Weber European Economic and Monetary Union and Asymmetries and Adjustment Problems in the European Monetary System: Some Empirical Evidence , 1990 .

[22]  D. Hudson Fitting Segmented Curves Whose Join Points Have to Be Estimated , 1966 .

[23]  F. Giavazzi,et al.  Limiting Exchange Rate Flexibility: The European Monetary System , 1989 .

[24]  David Ansic,et al.  An experimental test of trade hysteresis: market exit and entry decisions in the presence of sunk costs and exchange rate uncertainty , 1999 .

[25]  A. Belke,et al.  Micro and Macro Hysteresis in Employment under Exchange Rate Uncertainty , 1999 .

[26]  Dale J. Poirier,et al.  The econometrics of structural change, with special emphasis on spline functions , 1976 .

[27]  One Market, One Money: An Evaluation of the Potential Benefits and Costs of Forming an Economic and Monetary Union , 1992 .

[28]  Mayergoyz,et al.  Mathematical models of hysteresis. , 1986, Physical review letters.