This information is current as Regulatory T Cells Frequency of Th 1 / Th 17 but a Decrease in Disease and Present with an Increased Regulatory B Cells Develop Exacerbated Producing − Mice Lacking Endogenous IL-10

IL-10–producing B cells, also known as regulatory B cells (Bregs), play a key role in controlling autoimmunity. In this study, we report that chimeric mice specifically lacking IL-10–producing B cells (IL-10 2 / 2 B cell) developed an exacerbated arthritis compared with chimeric wild-type (WT) B cell mice. A significant decrease in the absolute numbers of Foxp3 regulatory T cells (Tregs), in their expression level of Foxp3, and a marked increase in inflammatory Th1 and Th17 cells were detected in IL-10 2 / 2 B cell mice compared with WT B cell mice. Reconstitution of arthritic B cell deficient ( m MT) mice with different B cell subsets revealed that the ability to modulate Treg frequencies in vivo is exclusively restricted to transitional 2 marginal zone precursor Bregs. Moreover, transfer of WT transitional 2 marginal zone precursor Bregs to arthritic IL-10 2 / 2 mice increased Foxp3 + Tregs and reduced Th1 and Th17 cell frequencies to levels measured in arthritic WT mice and inhibited inflammation. In vitro, IL-10 +/+ B cells established longer contact times with arthritogenic CD4 + CD25 2 T cells compared with IL-10 2 / 2 B cells in response to Ag stimulation, and using the same culture conditions, we observed upregulation of Foxp3 on CD4 + T cells. Thus, IL-10–producing B cells restrain inflammation by promoting differentiation of immunoregulatory over proinflammatory T cells. The Journal of Immunology , 2011, 186: 000–000.

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