New directions for air traffic control simulators: A discussion to guide the selection and renovation of simulators

The authors have recent experience of the specification, procurement, customisation and operation of advanced air traffic control simulator systems. This paper summarises the specification of the software and hardware components of air traffic control simulators within a framework of user needs and advances in simulation technology. Both the required conventional characteristics and the desired innovative features which can accommodate future requirements are defined using taxonomy within this framework. Considering the high investments and challenges involved in the acquisition and operation of modern simulators, the proposed classifications and approaches will provide important benefits to users when selecting or renovating their systems.