A Petri net based analysing and modelling tool kit for logfiles in human-computer interaction

To support the human factors engineer in designing a good decision support system, a tool kit has been developed to analyze the empirical data of the interactive decision behaviour described in a finite discrete state space (e.g., human-computer interaction). The observable sequences of decisions and actions produced by users contain much information about (1) the mental model of this user, (2) the individual problem solution strategies for a given task and (3) the underlying decision structure. The presented analysing tool kit AMME can handle the recorded decision and action sequences and comes up automatically (1) with an extracted net description of the task dependent decision model, (2) with a complete state transition matrix, and (3) with different quantitative measures of the decision behaviour.

[1]  Peter Radford,et al.  Petri Net Theory and the Modeling of Systems , 1982 .

[2]  Kurt Lautenbach,et al.  Elements of General Net Theory , 1979, Advanced Course: Net Theory and Applications.

[3]  G. de Haan,et al.  Formal modelling techniques in human-computer interaction , 1991 .

[4]  Phyllis Reisner,et al.  Formal Grammar and Human Factors Design of an Interactive Graphics System , 1981, IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering.

[5]  Hanspeter Moessenboeck,et al.  Coco/R - A Generator for Fast Compiler Front Ends , 1990 .

[6]  H. Mori,et al.  From Novice to Expert Decision Behaviour : a Qualitative Modelling Approach with Petri Nets , 1997 .

[7]  W. A. Scott,et al.  Cognitive Structure, Theory and Measurement of Individual Differences , 1979 .

[8]  P. Booth Errors and theory in human-computer interaction , 1991 .

[9]  Horst Oberquelle,et al.  A View of Human-Machine Communication and Co-Operation , 1983, Int. J. Man Mach. Stud..

[10]  Matthias Rauterberg,et al.  An empirical comparison of menu-selection (CUI) and desktop (GUI) computer programs carried out by beginners and experts , 1992 .

[11]  Phyllis Reisner,et al.  Formal grammar as a tool for analyzing ease of use , 1984 .

[12]  Stephen J. Payne,et al.  Task-Action Grammars: A Model of the Mental Representation of Task Languages , 1986, Hum. Comput. Interact..

[13]  Wolfgang Reisig,et al.  A Primer in Petri Net Design , 1992, Springer Compass International.

[14]  Julius Kuhl,et al.  Motivational and functional helplessness: The moderating effect of state versus action orientation. , 1981 .

[15]  Chris Jones,et al.  An integrated modeling environment based on attributed graphs and graph-grammars , 1993, Decis. Support Syst..

[16]  James Lyle Peterson,et al.  Petri net theory and the modeling of systems , 1981 .

[17]  Allen Newell,et al.  The psychology of human-computer interaction , 1983 .

[18]  Murray Hill,et al.  Yacc: Yet Another Compiler-Compiler , 1978 .

[19]  Aimo Törn Simulation nets, a simulation modeling and validation tool , 1985 .

[20]  Gerrit C. van der Veer,et al.  Human-computer interaction: Task and Organisation, G.C. van der Veer (ed) , 1992 .

[21]  Ron Bauman,et al.  Production based language simulation of Petri nets , 1986, Simul..

[22]  Daniel R. Dolk An introduction to model integration and integrated modeling environments , 1993, Decis. Support Syst..

[23]  J. L. Alty,et al.  The application of path algebras to interactive dialogue design , 1984 .

[24]  Gwm Matthias Rauterberg,et al.  A method of a quantitative measurement of cognitive complexity , 1992 .

[25]  Thomas P. Moran,et al.  The Command Language Grammar: A Representation for the User Interface of Interactive Computer Systems , 1981, Int. J. Man Mach. Stud..

[26]  Matthias Rauterberg,et al.  Instruction-based knowledge acquisition and modification: the operational knowledge for a functional, visual programming language , 1990 .

[27]  Roger W. Schvaneveldt,et al.  Pathfinder associative networks: studies in knowledge organization , 1990 .

[28]  Matthias Rauterberg,et al.  Learning in man-machine systems: the measurement of behavioural and cognitive complexity , 1995, 1995 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics. Intelligent Systems for the 21st Century.

[29]  C. A. Petri Introduction to General Net Theory , 1979, Advanced Course: Net Theory and Applications.

[30]  Anthony I. Wasserman,et al.  Extending State Transition Diagrams for the Specification of Human–Computer Interaction , 1985, IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering.

[31]  Anas N. Al-Rabadi,et al.  A comparison of modified reconstructability analysis and Ashenhurst‐Curtis decomposition of Boolean functions , 2004 .

[32]  Arthur M. Geoffrion,et al.  Integrated Modeling Systems , 1989 .

[33]  Deborah Hix,et al.  Developing user interfaces , 1993 .

[34]  Wendy A. Kellogg,et al.  Using pathfinder to evaluate user and system models , 1990 .

[35]  Ute Schmid,et al.  Deskription und Analyse komplexer Verhaltenssequenzen : Benutzerstrategien beim Arbeiten mit CAD-Systemen , 1991 .

[36]  Chris Lawrence,et al.  Levels of Cognitive Complexity: An Approach to the Measurement of Thinking , 1990 .

[37]  Penelope M Sanderson,et al.  State-space and verbal protocol methods for studying the human operator in process control. , 1989, Ergonomics.

[38]  M Rauterberg,et al.  AMME: an Automatic Mental Model Evaluation to analyse user behaviour traced in a finite, discrete state space. , 1993, Ergonomics.