PHC: A Global Ocean Hydrography with a High-Quality Arctic Ocean

A new gridded ocean climatology, the Polar Science Center Hydrographic Climatology (PHC), has been created that merges the 1998 version of the World Ocean Atlas with the new regional Arctic Ocean Atlas. The result is a global climatology for temperature and salinity that contains a good description of the Arctic Ocean and its environs. Monthly, seasonal, and annual average products have been generated. How the original datasets were prepared for merging, how the optimal interpolation procedure was performed, and characteristics of the resulting dataset are discussed, followed by a summary and discussion of future plans.

[1]  E. Carmack,et al.  The role of sea ice and other fresh water in the Arctic circulation , 1989 .

[2]  J. Wallace,et al.  The Arctic oscillation signature in the wintertime geopotential height and temperature fields , 1998 .

[3]  J. Morison Physical oceanography instrumentation for the polar regions: a review , 1989 .

[4]  David Rind,et al.  The role of sea ice in 2 x CO2 climate model sensitivity. Part 1: The total influence of sea ice thickness and extent , 1995 .

[5]  A. R. Curtis,et al.  Standard Mathematical Tables , 1971, The Mathematical Gazette.

[6]  D. R. Caldwell,et al.  Adiabatic temperature gradient and potential temperature correction in pure and saline water: an experimental determination , 1980 .

[7]  S. Häkkinen A Simulation of Thermohaline Effects of a Great Salinity Anomaly , 1999 .

[8]  J. Morison,et al.  Seasonal variations in the upper Arctic Ocean as observed at T‐3 , 1981 .

[9]  Michael Steele,et al.  Arctic Ice–Ocean Modeling with and without Climate Restoring , 1998 .

[10]  L. Gandin Objective Analysis of Meteorological Fields , 1963 .

[11]  Harry L. Bryden,et al.  New polynomials for thermal expansion, adiabatic temperature gradient and potential temperature of sea water , 1973 .

[12]  Syukuro Manabe,et al.  Multidecadal climate variability in the Greenland Sea and surrounding regions: A coupled model simulation , 1997 .

[13]  S. Häkkinen,et al.  One hundred years of Arctic ice cover variations as simulated by a one-dimensional, ice-ocean model , 1990 .

[14]  J. Morison,et al.  Hydrography of the upper Arctic Ocean measured from the nuclear submarine U.S.S. Pargo , 1998 .