The Cardiac Ventricular Action Potential

The sections in this article are: 1 Fundamental Principles 2 The Ventricular Cell is A Complex Interactive System 3 Ionic Basis of the Action Potential 3.1 The Normal Action Potential 3.2 The Premature Action Potential and Adaptation to Rate 4 Heterogeneity of Ventricular Action Potentials 5 Abnormal Repolarization. Example—Early Afterdepolarizations 6 Effects of Ionic Concentrations on the Action Potential. Example—Sodium Overload 7 Pathological Action Potential Changes. Example—Acute Ischemia 8 Epilogue