Values in Authentic Action

This study examined whether managers' values intensities and self-concept salience influence their altruistic leadership behavior and performance. Hypotheses derived from the goal hierarchy model of personality and the positive psychology literatures were tested using multisource data. Two hundred and eighteen managers reported their self-transcendence and self-enhancement values intensity and hoped-for and feared possible selves. Nine-hundred and thirty-five subordinates rated their manager's altruistic behavior and 218 superiors provided ratings of managerial performance. Results of partial least squares analysis indicated that managers' collective self salience partially mediated the relationships between self-transcendence and self-enhancement values intensity and altruistic behavior. Subordinates' ratings of managers' altruistic behavior predicted superiors' ratings of managerial performance. Managers' self-monitoring moderated the relationships between self-construals, altruistic behavior, and performance.

[1]  J. Kimberly,et al.  The Soul of the Corporation: How to manage the identity of your company , 2007 .

[2]  J. Krosnick,et al.  Self-Monitoring and Self-Protective Biases in Use of Consensus Information to Predict One's Own Behavior , 1990 .

[3]  B. Shamir,et al.  "What's your story?" A life-stories approach to authentic leadership development. , 2005 .

[4]  M. Seligman,et al.  Character Strengths and Virtues: A Handbook and Classification , 2004 .

[5]  Paula Caligiuri,et al.  Effects of Self-Monitoring on Technical, Contextual, and Assignment-Specific Performance , 2000 .

[6]  Jack L. Vevea,et al.  The "I," the "we," and the "when": a meta-analysis of motivational primacy in self-definition. , 2002, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[7]  T. Allen,et al.  The effects of organizational citizenship behavior on performance judgments: a field study and a laboratory experiment. , 1998, The Journal of applied psychology.

[8]  John J. Sosik.  The role of personal values in the charismatic leadership of corporate managers: A model and preliminary field study , 2005 .

[9]  M. Rokeach.  The Nature Of Human Values , 1974 .

[10]  P. Dorfman,et al.  Leadership and Organizations: The GLOBE Study of 62 Societies , 2004 .

[11]  Steven L. Neuberg,et al.  Reinterpreting the empathy-altruism relationship: when one into one equals oneness. , 1997, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[12]  Janice S. Miller.  Self-Monitoring and Performance Appraisal Satisfaction: An Exploratory Field Study , 2001 .

[13]  Martha C. Andrews,et al.  Are Chameleons Good Citizens? A Longitudinal Study of the Relationship Between Self-Monitoring and Organizational Citizenship Behavior , 2003 .

[14]  Hui,et al.  A Structural Equation Model of the Effects of Negative Affectivity, Leader-Member Exchange, and Perceived Job Mobility on In-role and Extra-role Performance: A Chinese Case. , 1999, Organizational behavior and human decision processes.

[15]  Fiery Cushman,et al.  Evolving the Psychological Mechanisms for Cooperation , 2005 .

[16]  John J. Sosik,et al.  Beneath the mask , 2002 .

[17]  Yeon Choi,et al.  On the leadership function of self-sacrifice , 1998 .

[18]  Roland E. Kidwell,et al.  Toward a typology of new venture creators: Similarities and contrasts between business and social entrepreneurs , 2007 .

[19]  P. Gemperline.  Practical Guide To Chemometrics , 2006 .

[20]  A. E. Kelly,et al.  Client self-presentations at intake. , 1996 .

[21]  M. Brewer,et al.  Who is this "We"? Levels of collective identity and self representations. , 1996 .

[22]  Scott B. MacKenzie,et al.  Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Its Nature, Antecedents, and Consequences , 2005 .

[23]  L. Festinger,et al.  A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance , 2017 .

[24]  R. Lord,et al.  Leadership, values, and subordinate self-concepts , 2001 .

[25]  R. N. Kanungo,et al.  Ethical dimensions of leadership , 1995 .

[26]  H. Markus,et al.  Possible Selves across the Life Span , 1991 .

[27]  S. Schwartz.  Universals in the Content and Structure of Values: Theoretical Advances and Empirical Tests in 20 Countries , 1992 .

[28]  Sabine Sonnentag,et al.  Stress in organizations , 2003 .

[29]  Kim S. Cameron,et al.  Exploring the Relationships between Organizational Virtuousness and Performance , 2004 .

[30]  John J. Sosik,et al.  Transformational leadership, learning goal orientation, and expectations for career success in mentor–protégé relationships: A multiple levels of analysis perspective , 2004 .

[31]  J. P. Near,et al.  ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR: ITS NATURE AND ANTECEDENTS , 1983 .

[32]  John J. Sosik,et al.  Silver Bullet or Voodoo Statistics? , 2009 .

[33]  Bruce J. Avolio,et al.  Contrasting different philosophies of leader motivation: Altruism versus egoism , 2002 .

[34]  M. Mendonca,et al.  Preparing for Ethical Leadership in Organizations , 2009 .

[35]  Mel Schnake,et al.  Levels of measurement and analysis issues in organizational citizenship behaviour research , 2003 .

[36]  S. Gangestad,et al.  On the nature of self-monitoring: matters of assessment, matters of validity. , 1986, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[37]  L. V. Dyne,et al.  Helping and Voice Extra-Role Behaviors: Evidence of Construct and Predictive Validity , 1998 .

[38]  Kerry L. Marsh,et al.  Interaction Between Self-Monitoring and Manipulated States of Self-Awareness , 1989 .

[39]  W. Reynolds.  Development of reliable and valid short forms of the marlowe-crowne social desirability scale , 1982 .

[40]  Mark Snyder,et al.  The Motivations to Volunteer , 1999 .

[41]  L. J. Williams,et al.  Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment as Predictors of Organizational Citizenship and In-Role Behaviors , 1991 .

[42]  Matt McGue,et al.  Altruism and Antisocial Behavior: Independent Tendencies, Unique Personality Correlates, Distinct Etiologies , 2001, Psychological science.

[43]  J. Barbuto,et al.  Scale Development and Construct Clarification of Servant Leadership , 2006 .

[44]  J. P. Rushton,et al.  The altruistic personality and the self-report altruism scale , 1981 .

[45]  W. Mcdougall.  An introduction to social psychology , 1909 .

[46]  Bruce J. Avolio,et al.  “Can you see the real me?” A self-based model of authentic leader and follower development , 2005 .

[47]  Charles S. Carver,et al.  Feedback processes in the simultaneous regulation of action and affect. , 2008 .

[48]  A. Ashley,et al.  Integrating Pragmatism and Ethics in Entrepreneurial Leadership for Sustainable Value Creation , 2008 .

[49]  C. Daniel Batson,et al.  Altruism and Prosocial Behavior , 2003 .

[50]  J. C. Collins.  Good to great : why some companies make the leap--and others don't , 2005 .

[51]  A. M. Francesco,et al.  Collectivism in Action , 2004 .

[52]  L. Roberts.  Changing Faces: Professional Image Construction In Diverse Organizational Settings , 2005 .

[53]  S. Schwartz,et al.  Basic Individual Values, Work Values, and the Meaning of Work , 1999 .

[54]  Elizabeth George,et al.  Identifying the Ingroup: A Closer Look at the Influence of Demographic Dissimilarity on Employee Social Identity , 2004 .

[55]  P. Christopher Earley,et al.  Impetus for action: A cultural analysis of justice and , 1997 .

[56]  A. Seers,et al.  Putting a good face on impression management: Team citizenship and team satisfaction. , 2008 .

[57]  G. Yukl,et al.  Leadership in Organizations , 1981 .

[58]  C. Batson.  The Altruism Question: Toward A Social-psychological Answer , 1991 .

[59]  Jane M. Howell.  Two faces of charisma: Socialized and personalized leadership in organizations. , 1988 .

[60]  H. Seyle.  Stress without distress. , 1975 .

[61]  Joel Cooper,et al.  Understanding Social Psychology , 1979 .

[62]  John J. Sosik.  Leading with Character: Stories of Valor and Virtue and the Principles They Teach , 2006 .

[63]  B. Shamir,et al.  Calculations, Values, and Identities: The Sources of Collectivistic Work Motivation , 1990 .

[64]  D. Krebs,et al.  Altruism: An examination of the concept and a review of the literature. , 1970 .

[65]  H. Markus,et al.  THE DYNAMIC SELF-CONCEPT: A Social Psychological Perspective , 1987 .

[66]  B. A. Sullivan.  Cooperation: The political psychology of effective human interaction , 2008 .

[67]  Thomas Dietz,et al.  A Brief Inventory of Values , 1998 .

[68]  Jane M. Howell,et al.  Effects of Champion Behavior, Team Potency, and External Communication Activities on Predicting Team Performance , 2006 .

[69]  M. Snyder.  Public Appearances, Private Realities: The Psychology of Self-Monitoring , 1986 .

[70]  H. Wold.  Systems Analysis by Partial Least Squares , 1983 .