Observation of the Substitutional Co 2+ Ions Combined with the Interstitial Ti 4+ Ions in Rutile

Electron spin resonance associated with the substitutional Co 2+ ion combined with defect was observed at 4.2 K in nearly “stoichiometric” rutile apart from the electron spin resonance associated with the regular substitutional Co 2+ ion. The feature of the complex was that the direction of the symmetry axes did not coincide with the crystalline axes and the signal intensity decreased with reduction of oxygen compared with that of the regular substitutional Co 2+ line. ENDOR experiment confirmed the complex as the substitutional Co 2+ ion combined with the interstitial Ti 4+ ion.