II Homodyne Detection and Quantum-State Reconstruction

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the homodyne detection and quantum-state reconstruction. The chapter reviews the experimental schemes that have been considered for quantum-state measurement on optical fields, with special emphasis on optical homodyning. Homodyne detection has been a powerful method for measuring phase sensitive properties of traveling optical fields suitable for quantum-state reconstruction. The typical methods for reconstruction of quantum-state representations and specific quantum-statistical properties of optical fields from sets of measurable quantities carrying the complete information on the quantum state are also reviewed in the chapter. The problem of quantum-state measurement and reconstruction has been studied for various matter systems. Different matter systems require different detection schemes for measuring specific quantities that carry the full information on the quantum state of the system. The chapter summarizes the methods for measurement and reconstruction of quantum-state representations of matter system, with special emphasis on optical methods and experimental demonstrations.

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