Valorisation of Shrimp Waste into Chitosan/Montmorillonite-Sulfosuccinic Acid Composite Membrane for DMFC Application

Composite membranes have been synthesized from biopolymer chitosan (CS) and nanosized montmorillonite (MMT) filler crosslinked with sulfosuccinic acid (SSA) as an alternative membrane electrolyte for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) application. All prepared membranes were obtained by solution casting technique. Prepared membranes were systematically characterized in terms of water uptake, methanol uptake, and methanol permeability as membrane performance parameter for DMFC applications. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to confirm the structures of the CS/MMT-SSA composite electrolyte membranes. The addition of sulfosuccinic acid evidently decreased the value of methanol permeability with the lowest value of 2.9973 × 10-7 cm2/s was obtained from CS/MMT-SSA 16% membrane. The addition of sulfosuccinic acid also decreased the absorption of methanol with the lowest value of 45.9459% while the water absorption of 53.6424% occurred in the membrane with the addition of 16% sulfosuccinic acid. As a result, the CS/MMT-SSA composite membrane appears to be a potential candidate for the DMFC applications.Keywords: direct methanol fuel cell; proton exchange membrane; methanol permeability; chitosan

[1]  Shalahudin Nur Ayyubi,et al.  Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi Montmorillonit Terhadap Sifat dan Kinerja Membran Kitosan/PVA/MMT Untuk Aplikasi DMFC , 2020 .

[2]  Chun–Chen Yang,et al.  Preparation and Characterization of the PVA/MMT Composite Polymer Membrane for DMFC , 2008, ECS Transactions.

[3]  S. Rajashabala,et al.  Role of structural modifications of montmorillonite, electrical properties effect, physical behavior of nanocomposite proton conducting membranes for direct methanol fuel cell applications , 2018 .

[4]  K. Faghihi,et al.  Synthesis and Characterization of New Polyimide/Organoclay Nanocomposites Containing Benzophenone Moieties in the Main Chain , 2017 .

[5]  S. Mor,et al.  Nanosilica extraction from processed agricultural residue using green technology , 2017 .

[6]  S. Sasikala,et al.  Sulfosuccinic acid-sulfonated polyether ether ketone/organo functionalized microporous zeolite-13X membrane electrolyte for direct methanol fuel cells , 2016 .

[7]  C. Branca,et al.  Role of the OH and NH vibrational groups in polysaccharide-nanocomposite interactions: A FTIR-ATR study on chitosan and chitosan/clay films , 2016 .

[8]  J. C. Vilar Junior,et al.  Physicochemical and Antibacterial Properties of Chitosan Extracted from Waste Shrimp Shells , 2016, International journal of microbiology.

[9]  A. Ismail,et al.  Biopolymer-based electrolyte membranes from chitosan incorporated with montmorillonite-crosslinked GPTMS for direct methanol fuel cells , 2016 .

[10]  Y. Yoon,et al.  An approach of balancing the ionic conductivity and mechanical properties of PVA based nanocomposite membrane for DMFC by various crosslinking agents with ionic liquid , 2015 .

[11]  S. Susanti,et al.  Sifat Mekanik Membran Berbasis Paduan Kitosan Suksinat-Kitosan Terinsersi Litium , 2014 .

[12]  Daisuke Ishii,et al.  Facile enhancement of the deacetylation degree of chitosan by hydrothermal treatment in an imidazolium-based ionic liquid , 2014 .

[13]  Shanfu Lu,et al.  Development of cesium phosphotungstate salt and chitosan composite membrane for direct methanol fuel cells. , 2013, Carbohydrate polymers.

[14]  Y. Sahai,et al.  Chitosan biopolymer for fuel cell applications. , 2013, Carbohydrate polymers.

[15]  Jen-Ming Yang,et al.  Preparation and characterization of polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan blended membrane for alkaline direct methanol fuel cells , 2012 .

[16]  Bo-Hyung Cho,et al.  State-of-health diagnosis based on hamming neural network using output voltage pattern recognition for a PEM fuel cell , 2012 .

[17]  A. Shukla,et al.  Bio-Composite Membrane Electrolytes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells , 2011 .

[18]  M. Balbaşı,et al.  Poly(vinyl alcohol)-colloidal silica composite membranes for fuel cells , 2010 .

[19]  G. Barra,et al.  Crosslinked chitosan/poly (vinyl alcohol) blends with proton conductivity characteristic , 2010 .

[20]  Antonino S. Aricò,et al.  Direct Methanol Fuel Cells: History, Status and Perspectives , 2009 .

[21]  C. Pillai,et al.  Chitin and chitosan polymers: Chemistry, solubility and fiber formation , 2009 .

[22]  E. Giannelis,et al.  Nafion–clay nanocomposite membranes: Morphology and properties , 2009 .

[23]  Changpeng Liu,et al.  Chitosan/heteropolyacid composite membranes for direct methanol fuel cell , 2009 .

[24]  Jong Hak Kim,et al.  Preparation and characterization of crosslinked cellulose/sulfosuccinic acid membranes as proton conducting electrolytes , 2009 .

[25]  Jiujun Zhang,et al.  Electrocatalysis of direct methanol fuel cells : from fundamentals to applications , 2009 .

[26]  Zhongyi Jiang,et al.  Zeolite beta-filled chitosan membrane with low methanol permeability for direct methanol fuel cell , 2008 .

[27]  Apinon Nuntiya,et al.  Preparation of nanosilica powder from rice husk ash by precipitation method , 2008 .

[28]  Y. Wang,et al.  Properties of hydrophilic chitosan network membranes by introducing binary crosslink agents , 2008 .

[29]  M. Taherzadeh,et al.  Extraction and precipitation of chitosan from cell wall of zygomycetes fungi by dilute sulfuric acid. , 2007, Biomacromolecules.

[30]  Jingtao Wang,et al.  Surface-modified Y zeolite-filled chitosan membrane for direct methanol fuel cell , 2007 .

[31]  Jiujun Zhang,et al.  A review of polymer electrolyte membranes for direct methanol fuel cells , 2007 .

[32]  M. Ding,et al.  Synthesis and properties of a novel isomeric polyimide/SiO2 hybrid material , 2007 .

[33]  M. Hanna,et al.  Properties of Chitosan Films as a Function of pH and Solvent Type , 2006 .

[34]  Young Moo Lee,et al.  Preparation and characterization of crosslinked PVA/SiO2 hybrid membranes containing sulfonic acid groups for direct methanol fuel cell applications , 2004 .

[35]  K. Peh,et al.  Reporting degree of deacetylation values of chitosan: the influence of analytical methods. , 2002, Journal of pharmacy & pharmaceutical sciences : a publication of the Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Societe canadienne des sciences pharmaceutiques.

[36]  S. Wasmus,et al.  Methanol oxidation and direct methanol fuel cells: a selective review 1 In honour of Professor W. Vi , 1999 .

[37]  P. Cloirec,et al.  Enhancement of Metal Ion Sorption Performances of Chitosan: Effect of the Structure on the Diffusion Properties , 1995 .

[38]  Noel Roeges.  A Guide to the Complete Interpretation of Infrared Spectra of Organic Structures , 1994 .

[39]  G. Roberts,et al.  Improved method for i.r. determination of the degree of N-acetylation of chitosan , 1992 .