Responses and sensitivity of Ips typographus L. (Col., Scolytidae) and Hylobius abietis L. (Col., Curculionidae) to juvenoids

Abstract The paper describes activities of 31 representative juvenoids selected out of 200 compounds assayed on eggs, larvae, prepupae, and pupae. Affected eggs ceased to develop or produced malformed embryos, the larvae pupated with a delay or produced larval-pupal intermediates, and the prepupae and pupae developed into pupal-adult intermediates. The most active compounds in the pupal assays included ethyl 3,7,11-trimethyl-2,4-dodecadienoate and 6,7-epoxygeranyl ethers of p-ethylphenol and of 3,4-(methylenedioxy)-phenol, which affected I. typographus at 0.5 μg/spec. and H. abietis at 5 μg/spec. The eggs of H. abietis responded readily only to newly developed alkoxy ehters of p-substituted phenol; methyl 4-(3-oxaheptyl)-benzoate and 1-(methoxymethoxy)-4-(3-oxaheptyl)-benzene were effective at 0.01-0.05 μg/egg. Administration of 1–2 mg of juvenoids to reproducing adults increased their fecundity but decreased the egg fertility. The possible use of juvenoids for the control of scolytid and curculionid beetles is discussed. Zusammenfassung Empfindlichkeit und Reaktionen von Ips typographius L. und Hylobius abietis L. gegenuber Juvenoiden Die Wirkung von ungefahr 200 Juvenoiden wurde an den Eiern, Larven, Praepuppen, Puppen und Imagines getestet. Die behandelten Eier entwickelten sich entweder nur bis zu einer bestimmten Stufe oder zu schlupfunfahigen Embryonen. Die Larven wandelten sich entweder mit Verzogerung zu Puppen um oder hauteten sich zu larval-pupalen Mischformen. Die Praepuppen und Puppen entwickelten sich zu Ubergangsformen zwischen Puppe und Kafer. Von 31 ausgewahlten Substanzen erwiesen sich bei pupaler Applikation am wirksamsten: 3.7.11-trimethyl-dodeca-2.4-diencarbonsaure-athylester sowie 6.7-Epoxy-geranyl-ather von p-Athylphenol und von 3.4-(methylendioxy)-phenol. Die Puppen von I. typographus wurden mit 0,5 μg/Tier, die von H. abietis mit 5μg/Tier dieser Substanzen behandelt. Die Eier von H. abietis reagierten nur auf einige erstmals untersuchte Substanzen: 0,01-0,05 μg von 4-(3-oxaheptyl)-benzencarbonsaure-methylester, 1-(methoxy-methoxy)-4-(3-oxaheptyl)-benzene und ahnlichen Stoffe. Die Applikation von 1–2 mg der Juvenoide zu Kafern erhohte die Eiablage, erniedrigte aber das Eischlupfen bis auf 50 % des Kontrollniveaus. Infolge dieser Effekte produzierten die behandelten Kafer teils weniger, teils mehr Nachkommenschaft als die Kontrolltiere. Die Verwendung der Juvenoide gegen schadliche Russelkafer und Borkenkafer wird diskutiert.

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