All-optical 2/spl times/2 switches with 20 dB extinction ratios

Improved extinction ratios reaching 20 dB are experimentally demonstrated for optically controlled Mach-Zehnder interferometer type InP waveguide switches with semiconductor optical amplifiers and phase control sections in their arms. The improvements are due to optimisation of both the bias currents of the optical amplifiers and the relative phases in both arms of the interferometer.