Evaluación de Marcadores Bioquímicos como Predictores de Dengue Hemorrágico

RESUMEN INTRODUCCION: En las formas severas del dengue, se han descrito alteraciones de la concentracion serica de lipidos y proteinas, incluyendo enzimas hepaticas y marcadores de inflamacion. Sin embargo, el valor pronostico de estas alteraciones no ha sido claramente determinado. OBJETIVO: Evaluar algunas alteraciones bioquimicas tempranas en la prediccion del Dengue Hemorragico (DH). DISENO : Casos y Controles anidado en una cohorte. POBLACION: Pacientes con dengue del area metropolitana de Bucaramanga, Colombia. PERIODO: Abril/2003 a Enero/2004. MEDICIONES: Al ingreso, entre la hora 48 y 96 de enfermedad, se tomo una muestra de suero que fue almacenada. Los pacientes fueron seguidos hasta el dia 8 de enfermedad. Se realizaron pruebas bioquimicas en quienes desarrollaron DH y en cuatro controles por caso, seleccionados al azar. RESULTADOS: De 112 pacientes incluidos, 6 desarrollaron DH durante el seguimiento. Las pruebas asociadas con DH fueron: Proteina C Reactiva (PCR) > o = 12mg/L (p=0.002), Creatinquinasa >190u/L (p=0.02), Aspartato Aminotransferasa >100u/L (p=0.03), Alanino Aminotransferasa >100u/ L (p=0.03), colesterol >150mg/dl (p=0.04) y Lipoproteinas de baja densidad >90mg/dL (p=0.03). En un analisis multivariado, la PCR elevada se asocia a DH, independientemente, de las otras alteraciones bioquimicas (p=0.048). CONCLUSION: En el presente estudio, la elevacion temprana de la PCR se asocia a DH. Otros marcadores sericos como la CPK, transaminasas y lipidos, tambien podrian ser predictores tempranos de severidad. Estos resultados deben validarse con un mayor numero de pacientes. Palabras Claves: Dengue, Desenlace, Transaminasas, Proteina C Reactiva.  ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: In severe forms of dengue, alterations from lipid profile and serum levels of several proteins including hepatic enzymes and inflammation markers have been described. However, prognostic value of these alterations has not been clearly determined. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate some biochemical alterations in the prediction of the Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF). DESIGN: Nested case control study. Population: Patients with dengue from metropolitan area of Bucaramanga, Colombia. PERIOD: April/2003 to January/2004. MEASUREMENTS: At the beginning, between hour 48 and 96 of disease, a serum sample was taken and stored. The patients were followed until eight day of disease. Biochemical tests were made in those who developed DH and in four controls by case, selected at random. RESULTS: Of 112 included patients, 6 developed DHF. The following Biochemical tests were associated with DHF: Reactive C Protein (RCP) >o= 12mg/L (p=0.002), Creatine kinase >190u/L (p=0.02), Aspartate Aminotransferases >100u/L (p=0.03), Alanine Transaminase >100u/L (p=0.03), cholesterol >150mg/dl (p=0.04), low density lipoprotein >90mg/dl (p=0.03). In a multivaried analysis, RCP elevation was associated to DHF, independently of the other biochemical alterations (p=0.048). CONCLUSIONS: The early elevation of RCP identifies the patients with greater probability of developing DHF. Other serum biomarkers also could be early predictors of severity. These results must be validated with a greater number of patients. Key words: Dengue, Transaminases, Outcome, Reactive C Protein.

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