Performance analysis and simulations of 32‐ary cyclic code‐shift keying

Cyclic code-shift keying (CCSK) is the baseband 32-ary symbol modulation scheme used by the Joint Tactical Information Distribution System (JTIDS), the communication terminal for Link-16. CCSK is not orthogonal and an analytic expression for the probability of symbol error for CCSK has thus far been elusive. In this paper, an analytic upper bound on the probability of symbol error of CCSK is derived for the 32-chip CCSK starting sequence chosen for JTIDS. The analytically obtained probability of symbol error is compared with two different Monte Carlo simulations for additive white Gaussian noise. The results of both simulations match the analytic results very well and show that the analytic method yields a tight upper bound. A new 32-chip CCSK starting sequence which has a smaller maximum off-peak cross-correlation value than the current JTIDS starting sequence is proposed and evaluated both analytically and by simulation. The results obtained for the new CCSK starting sequence compare favorably with the CCSK starting sequence chosen for JTIDS. Published in 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Cyclic code shift keying is used in important military communications systems designed for jamming resistance. This paper provides the most accurate analysis and simulation of CCSK performance to date in addition to a proposed improvement over the CCSK employed in the widely used Link-16 tactical communications system. (This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the U.S.A.)