Moderating Influences on the Firm's Strategic Orientation-Performance Relationship

This article is focused on the factors that moderate the relationship between firm's strategic orientation and performance in small and medium-sized firms. Much prior research has focused simply on identifying environmental conditions conducive to the effectiveness of the strategic orientation approach. However, recent research has called for studies focused on investigating internal moderators of the strategic orientation-performance relationship. As a result, we propose a contingency framework, considering how corporate and competitive strategies, top management characteristics, and environmental conditions may moderate this relationship. Based on a survey of 295 small and medium-sized enterprises pertaining to seven manufacturing sectors, our study shows that the positive influence of the firm's strategic orientation may be moderated by the environment conditions, the previous experience of top management team, and the corporate and competitive strategies developed by the firm. Le présent article se penche avant tout sur les facteurs qui modèrent le rapport entre l'orientation stratégique et la performance de l'organisation dans les petites et moyennes entreprises. Nous savons qu'autrefois la plupart des études se contentaient d'identifier les conditions contextuelles propices à l'efficacité de l'approche de l'orientation stratégique ; mais de récentes recherches ont encouragé des études axées sur l'examen des modérateurs internes de la relation orientation stratégique-performance. Ceci nous a permis de proposer une structure de secours, en vue d'examiner de quelle façon les stratégies corporatives et concurrentielles, les caractéristiques de la direction et les conditions du milieu peuvent éventuellement modérer ce rapport. De notre étude, fondée sur un sondage réalisé auprès de 295 petites et moyennes entreprises appartenant toutes à sept secteurs de fabrication différents, il ressort que l'influence positive de l'orientation stratégique de l'entreprise peut être modérée par les conditions du milieu, par l'expérience précédente de l'équipe de direction, et par les stratégies corporatives et concurrentielles adoptées par l'entreprise. Este artículo se centra en los factores que moderan la relación entre la orientación estratégica y la actuación empresarial en las pequeñas y medianas empresas. Gran parte de las investigaciones anteriores se centraban simplemente en la efectividad del enfoque de orientación estratégica. Sin embargo, las investigaciones recientes exigen estudios centrados en los moderadores internos de la relación orientación estratégica/actuación empresarial. Por consiguiente, proponemos una estructura de contingencia para considerar cómo las estrategias corporativas y competitivas, características de la alta dirección y condiciones ambientales pueden moderar esta relación. Nuestro estudio, basado en una encuesta de 295 pequeñas y medianas empresas pertenecientes a siete sectores industriales, demuestra que la influencia positiva de la orientación estratégica empresarial puede ser moderada por las condiciones ambientales, la experiencia anterior del personal directivo superior y las estrategias competitivas desarrolladas por la empresa. Dieser Artikel konzentriert sich auf die Faktoren, die die Beziehung zwischen der strategischen Orientierung und Leistungsstärke in kleinen bis mittelgroßen Unternehmen mildernd beeinflussen. Ein Großteil der vorhergehenden Untersuchungen hat sich nur auf die Identifikation von umfeldbedingten Umständen konzentriert, die die Effektivität einer solchen Herangehensweise der strategischen Orientierung fördern. Neuste Forschungen haben jedoch gezeigt, dass man die internen mäßigenden Einflüsse auf die Beziehung zwischen der strategischen Orientierung und der Leistungsfähigkeit untersuchen muss. Infolgedessen schlagen wir ein Kontingenzsystem vor, das berücksichtigt, wie Unternehmens- und Wettbewerbsstrategien, Charakteristiken der Unternehmensspitze und umfeldbedingte Umstände diese Beziehung beeinflussen können. Basierend auf einer Umfrage unter 295 kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen aus sieben Fertigungsbereichen zeigt unsere Studie, dass der positive Einfluss der strategischen Orientierung eines Unternehmens von den umfeldbedingten Voraussetzungen, zurückliegenden Erfahrungen der Unternehmensspitze und den vom Unternehmen entwickelten Unternehmens- und Wettbewerbsstrategien abgemildert werden kann.

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