The associations between physical activity, screen time and weight from 6 to 14 yrs: the Raine Study.

To examine the strength and direction of the relationship between physical activity level, screen use and BMI in a cohort at ages 6, 8, 10 and 14 yrs as part of a prospective longitudinal cohort study. The sample comprised 1403 males and females who participated in the followup survey at 14 yrs of age between 2003 and 2005. Exploratory structural equation modelling was used to examine the interrelationships between physical activity level, BMI and screen time at 6, 8, 10 and 14 yrs. Predictors of BMI at 6, 8, 10 and 14 yrs explained 1.3, 76.1, 80.1 and 73.1 percent of the variances, respectively, with previous BMI the largest predictor [χ2 = 43.082, df = 36, p = 194]. Increased screen time predicted higher BMI and lower physical activity at 8 and 10 yrs but not 14 yrs. At 14 yrs, physical activity predicted BMI. Sedentary patterns of behaviour in early childhood were predictive of later and concurrent obesity, whereas physical activity was predictive of obesity in adolescence. Different intervention targets are required for children and adolescents. © 2011 Sports Medicine Australia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

[1]  L. Beilin,et al.  Longitudinal Modelling of Body Mass Index from Birth to 14 Years , 2009, Obesity Facts.

[2]  Russell R. Pate,et al.  Sedentary Behavior and Obesity in a Large Cohort of Children , 2009, Obesity.

[3]  Jianghong Li,et al.  Maternal psychosocial well‐being in pregnancy and breastfeeding duration , 2008, Acta paediatrica.

[4]  Issa Zakeri,et al.  Physical activity in nonoverweight and overweight Hispanic children and adolescents. , 2007, Medicine and science in sports and exercise.

[5]  Penny Gordon-Larsen,et al.  Screen time and physical activity during adolescence: longitudinal effects on obesity in young adulthood , 2007, The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity.

[6]  J. Kaprio,et al.  Genetic and environmental factors in relative weight from birth to age 18: The Swedish Young Male Twins Study , 2007, International Journal of Obesity.

[7]  Kevin Durkin,et al.  Television, computer use, physical activity, diet and fatness in Australian adolescents. , 2006, International journal of pediatric obesity : IJPO : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity.

[8]  Philippe Froguel,et al.  Genetics of obesity and the prediction of risk for health. , 2006, Human molecular genetics.

[9]  E. Kupek,et al.  Beyond logistic regression: structural equations modelling for binary variables and its application to investigating unobserved confounders , 2006, BMC medical research methodology.

[10]  Russell M Viner,et al.  Television viewing in early childhood predicts adult body mass index. , 2005, The Journal of pediatrics.

[11]  A. Kriska,et al.  Relation between the changes in physical activity and body-mass index during adolescence: a multicentre longitudinal study , 2005, The Lancet.

[12]  Stewart Trost,et al.  Evidence based physical activity for school-age youth. , 2005, The Journal of pediatrics.

[13]  S. Marshall,et al.  Relationships between media use, body fatness and physical activity in children and youth: a meta-analysis , 2004, International Journal of Obesity.

[14]  H. Predel,et al.  Physical activity, leisure habits and obesity in first-grade children , 2004, European journal of cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation : official journal of the European Society of Cardiology, Working Groups on Epidemiology & Prevention and Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Physiology.

[15]  A. Ståhle,et al.  Physical activity level and body mass index among schoolchildren in south‐eastern Sweden , 2004, Acta paediatrica.

[16]  Trish Gorely,et al.  Physical activity and sedentary behaviours in youth: issues and controversies , 2004, The journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health.

[17]  S. Maxwell,et al.  Testing mediational models with longitudinal data: questions and tips in the use of structural equation modeling. , 2003, Journal of abnormal psychology.

[18]  L. Cupples,et al.  Television viewing and change in body fat from preschool to early adolescence: The Framingham Children's Study , 2003, International Journal of Obesity.

[19]  M. Müller,et al.  Is TV viewing an index of physical activity and fitness in overweight and normal weight children? , 2001, Public Health Nutrition.

[20]  D. Campbell,et al.  The Waxing and Waning of Movement: Implications for Psychological Development☆ , 2001 .

[21]  B. Byrne Structural equation modeling with EQS : basic concepts, applications, and programming , 2000 .

[22]  J. Sallis Age-related decline in physical activity: a synthesis of human and animal studies. , 2000, Medicine and science in sports and exercise.

[23]  A. Boomsma Reporting Analyses of Covariance Structures , 2000 .

[24]  J. Prochaska,et al.  A review of correlates of physical activity of children and adolescents. , 2000, Medicine and science in sports and exercise.

[25]  R G Eston,et al.  Special Communication , 2022 .

[26]  Rex B. Kline,et al.  Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling , 1998 .

[27]  F. Stanley,et al.  Effects of frequent ultrasound during pregnancy: a randomised controlled trial , 1993, The Lancet.

[28]  Darrell M. Wilson,et al.  Does television viewing increase obesity and reduce physical activity? Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses among adolescent girls. , 1993, Pediatrics.

[29]  Tom Baranowski,et al.  Validity and Reliability of Self Report Measures of Physical Activity: An Information-Processing Perspective , 1988 .

[30]  J. Stockman Fatness leads to inactivity, but inactivity does not lead to fatness: a longitudinal study in children (EarlyBird 45) , 2013 .

[31]  M. Bulsara,et al.  A Comparison of Field Measures of Adiposity Among Australian Adolescents from the Raine Study , 2010 .

[32]  Tapabrata Maiti,et al.  Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling (2nd ed.) , 2006 .

[33]  L. Petersen,et al.  Longitudinal study of the long-term relation between physical activity and obesity in adults , 2004, International Journal of Obesity.