Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive disease with significant gas exchange impairment due to exaggerated extracellular matrix deposition and myofibroblast activation. IPF has no cure, and although nintedanib and pirfenidone are two approved medications for symptom management, the total treatment cost is exuberant and prohibitive to a global uninsured patient population. New therapeutic alternatives with moderate costs are needed to treat IPF. Extracellular matrix hydrogels derived from decellularized lungs are cost-effective therapeutic candidates to treat pulmonary fibrosis due to their reported antioxidant properties. Oxidative stress contributes to IPF pathophysiology by damaging macromolecules, interfering with tissue remodeling, and contributing to myofibroblast activation. Thus, preventing oxidative stress has beneficial outcomes in IPF. For this purpose, the present review describes ECM hydrogel's properties to regulate oxidative stress and tissue remodeling in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
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