Pulse-Width Multiplexing ϕ-OTDR for Nuisance-Alarm Rate Reduction

A pulse-width multiplexing method for reducing the nuisance-alarm rate of a phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer (ϕ-OTDR) is described. In this method, light pulses of different pulse-widths are injected into the sensing fiber; the data acquired at different pulse-widths are regarded as the outputs of different sensors; and these data are then processed by a multisensor data fusion algorithm. In laboratory tests with a sensing fiber on a vibrating table, the effects of pulse-width on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the ϕ-OTDR data are observed. Furthermore, by utilizing the SNR as the feature in a feature-layer algorithm based on Dempster–Shafer evidential theory, a four-pulse-width multiplexing ϕ-OTDR system is constructed, and the nuisance-alarm rate is reduced by about 70%. These experimental results show that the proposed method has great potential for perimeter protection, since the nuisance-alarm rate is significantly reduced by using a simple configuration.

[1]  Wei Pan,et al.  Multiple vibrations measurement using phase-sensitive OTDR merged with Mach-Zehnder interferometer based on frequency division multiplexing. , 2016, Optics express.

[2]  B. Dousseta,et al.  Satellite multi-sensor data analysis of urban surface temperatures and landcover , 2003 .

[3]  Shuqin Lou,et al.  Experimental investigation on lower nuisance alarm rate phase-sensitive OTDR using the combination of a Mach–Zehnder interferometer , 2016 .

[4]  Yunjiang Rao,et al.  Distributed intrusion detection based on combination of φ-OTDR and POTDR , 2008, International Conference on Optical Fibre Sensors.

[5]  Yan Feng,et al.  Combination of Phase-Sensitive OTDR and Michelson Interferometer for Nuisance Alarm Rate Reducing and Event Identification , 2016, IEEE Photonics Journal.

[6]  Éloi Bossé,et al.  A new distance between two bodies of evidence , 2001, Inf. Fusion.

[7]  Xiaohan Sun,et al.  Vibration pattern recognition and classification in OTDR based distributed optical-fiber vibration sensing system , 2014, Smart Structures.

[8]  Qin Li,et al.  Signal-to-noise ratio enhancement of phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry based on power spectrum analysis , 2014 .

[9]  Qian Sun,et al.  Recognition of a Phase-Sensitivity OTDR Sensing System Based on Morphologic Feature Extraction , 2015, Sensors.

[10]  Hao Li,et al.  Influences of pulse on phase-sensitivity optical time domain reflectometer based distributed vibration sensor , 2016 .

[11]  Xiaoyi Bao,et al.  Modulated pulses based distributed vibration sensing with high frequency response and spatial resolution. , 2013, Optics express.

[12]  J. Juarez,et al.  Distributed fiber-optic intrusion sensor system , 2005, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[13]  Tao Zhu,et al.  Enhancement of SNR and Spatial Resolution in $\varphi$-OTDR System by Using Two-Dimensional Edge Detection Method , 2013, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[14]  Dafang Zhuang,et al.  Advances in Multi-Sensor Data Fusion: Algorithms and Applications , 2009, Sensors.

[15]  Hassan Ghasemzadeh,et al.  Multi-sensor fusion in body sensor networks: State-of-the-art and research challenges , 2017, Inf. Fusion.

[16]  Xiaoyi Bao,et al.  Wavelet Denoising Method for Improving Detection Performance of Distributed Vibration Sensor , 2012, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[17]  H. Cai,et al.  Characteristics and Explanations of Interference Fading of a $\phi $ -OTDR With a Multi-Frequency Source , 2013, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[18]  Xiaoyi Bao,et al.  Distributed Vibration Sensor Based on Coherent Detection of Phase-OTDR , 2010, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[19]  Y. Koyamada,et al.  Fiber-Optic Distributed Strain and Temperature Sensing With Very High Measurand Resolution Over Long Range Using Coherent OTDR , 2009, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[20]  Lijing Li,et al.  Influences of laser source on phase-sensitivity optical time-domain reflectometer-based distributed intrusion sensor. , 2014, Applied optics.

[21]  W. Walker,et al.  Mapping forest structure for wildlife habitat analysis using multi-sensor (LiDAR, SAR/InSAR, ETM+, Quickbird) synergy , 2006 .

[22]  Zhoumo Zeng,et al.  Distributed fiber sensing system with wide frequency response and accurate location , 2016 .