Crystal Growth and Electrical Properties of Lead Scandium Niobate-Lead Titanate Binary Single Crystals

Single crystal preparations of the Pb[(Sc1/2Nb1/2)1-X TiX ]O3 binary system have been investigated by a flux method using 75 mol%PbO-25 mol%B2O3 flux. The crystals were grown in a platinum crucible by mass crystallization, achieved by slow-cooling the solution at 1° C/h from 1,200° C to 880° C. The resulting crystals were 2–15 mm in length. Chemical analysis and X-ray studies revealed that the crystals are of the perovskite structure with x=0.33 to 0.35, making them slightly different from the charged morphotropic phase boundary composition of x-0.42. The (001) single crystal showed a dielectric constant peak of 60,000 at 206° C. The crystal has a remnant polarization P r=26 µ C/cm2, a coercive field E c=6 kv/cm, a room temperature dielectric constant after poling e33τ/e0=960, a dielectric loss of 0.5%, and an electromechanical coupling factor k33=72%.