CONNECTIONIST MODELING OF THE BREAKDOWN AND RECOVERY OF READING VIA MEANING

At leasttwo processingroutesin thebrainareinvolved in pronouncingwrittenwords:asemantic routethatderivesthepronunciationvia meaning,andaphonologicalroutethatderivesit via spelling-sound correspondences. Simulationsinvolving partialdamageto anisolatedsemantic route(Plaut& Shallice,1993)provide acomprehensi ve accountof theratherpeculiarcombination of symptomsexhibitedby patientswith deepdyslexia, includingtheoccurrenceof semantic errors(e.g.,readingRIVER as“ocean”), their co-occurrencewith visualerrors,andinfluences of imageabilityor concreteness oncorrectanderrorperformance. Furthermore, whenaversion of the model is retrainedafter damage(Plaut,1996), the degreeandvariability of its recovery andgeneralizationarequalitati vely similar to the resultsof somecognitive rehabilitation studies.Theresultschallengetraditionalassumptionsaboutthenatureof themechanismsubservingword reading,andillustratethevalueof explicit computationalsimulationsof normal andimpairedcognitive processes. They alsosuggesthatconnectionistmodelingcanprovide a framework for generatingspecifichypothesesaboutstrategiesfor rehabilitation.

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