Exploiting relay nodes for maximizing wireless underground sensor network lifetime

A major challenge in wireless underground sensor networks is the signal attenuation originated from multi-environment transmission between underground sensor nodes and the above-ground base station. To overcome this issue, an efficient approach is deploying a set of relay nodes aboveground, thereby reducing transmission loss by shortening transmitting distance. However, this introduces several new challenges, including load balancing and transmission loss minimization. This paper tackles the problem of deploying relay nodes to reduce transmission loss under a load balancing constraint by proposing two approximation algorithms. The first algorithm is inspired by Beam Search, combined with a new selection scheme based on Boltzmann distribution. The second algorithm aims to further improve the solutions obtained by the former by reducing the transmission loss. We observe that we can find an optimal assignment between sensor nodes and a set of the chosen relay in polynomial time by reformulating the part of the problem as a bipartite matching problem with minimum cost. Experimental results indicate that the proposed methods perform better than the other existing ones in most of our test instances while reducing the execution time.

[1]  Colin J. Thompson,et al.  Mathematical Statistical Mechanics , 1972 .

[2]  L. Darrell Whitley,et al.  The GENITOR Algorithm and Selection Pressure: Why Rank-Based Allocation of Reproductive Trials is Best , 1989, ICGA.

[3]  Hussein A. Abbass,et al.  Recent Advances in Computational Intelligence in Defense and Security , 2016, Recent Advances in Computational Intelligence in Defense and Security.

[4]  Huanhuan Chen,et al.  Optimal relay placement for lifetime maximization in wireless underground sensor networks , 2017, Inf. Sci..

[5]  JAMAL N. AL-KARAKI,et al.  Routing techniques in wireless sensor networks: a survey , 2004, IEEE Wireless Communications.

[6]  Habib Mostafaei,et al.  Energy-Efficient Algorithm for Reliable Routing of Wireless Sensor Networks , 2019, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[7]  Ning Wang,et al.  Survey on Wireless Sensor Networks Agricultural Environment Information Monitoring , 2012 .

[8]  Ian F. Akyildiz,et al.  Signal propagation techniques for wireless underground communication networks , 2009, Phys. Commun..

[9]  J. Cole Smith,et al.  The lifetime maximization problem in wireless sensor networks with a mobile sink: mixed-integer programming formulations and algorithms , 2013 .

[10]  Cheng Li,et al.  An energy-efficient relay node selection scheme for underwater acoustic sensor networks , 2015 .

[11]  Mohamed F. Younis,et al.  Connectivity restoration in a partitioned wireless sensor network with assured fault tolerance , 2015, Ad Hoc Networks.

[12]  Giuseppe Campobello,et al.  Data Gathering Techniques for Wireless Sensor Networks: A Comparison , 2016, Int. J. Distributed Sens. Networks.

[13]  Slawomir Wesolkowski,et al.  A Review of the Use of Computational Intelligence in the Design of Military Surveillance Networks , 2016, Recent Advances in Computational Intelligence in Defense and Security.

[14]  Arunita Jaekel,et al.  Design of fault tolerant wireless sensor networks satisfying survivability and lifetime requirements , 2012, Comput. Commun..

[15]  Mohamed S. Shehata,et al.  Structural Health Monitoring Using Wireless Sensor Networks: A Comprehensive Survey , 2017, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.

[16]  Wenting Han,et al.  Overview of wireless underground sensor networks for agriculture , 2012 .

[17]  Maode Ma,et al.  Optimal Relay Node Placement and Flow Allocation in Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[18]  GhaffariAli.  Congestion control mechanisms in wireless sensor networks , 2015 .

[19]  Mihaela Cardei,et al.  Improving network lifetime with mobile wireless sensor networks , 2010, Comput. Commun..

[20]  Ali Ghaffari,et al.  Congestion control mechanisms in wireless sensor networks: A survey , 2015, J. Netw. Comput. Appl..

[21]  Radosveta Sokullu,et al.  Wireless Underground Sensor Networks: Channel Modeling and Operation Analysis in the Terahertz Band , 2015 .

[22]  Hong Zhou,et al.  Irrigation control using Wireless Underground Sensor Networks , 2012, 2012 Sixth International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST).

[23]  Jianping Pan,et al.  Optimal base-station locations in two-tiered wireless sensor networks , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing.

[24]  Huynh Thi Thanh Binh,et al.  Prolong the Network Lifetime of Wireless Underground Sensor Networks by Optimal Relay Node Placement , 2019, EvoApplications.

[25]  Li Liyz,et al.  Characteristics of Underground Channel for Wireless Underground Sensor Networks , 2007 .

[26]  Ian F. Akyildiz,et al.  Terahertz channel modeling of underground sensor networks in oil reservoirs , 2012, 2012 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM).

[27]  Gao,et al.  Relay Node Placement with Base Stations in Wireless Sensor Networks Fault-Tolerant , 2014 .

[28]  Roberto Tadei,et al.  Recovering Beam Search: Enhancing the Beam Search Approach for Combinatorial Optimization Problems , 2004, J. Heuristics.

[29]  Xin-She Yang,et al.  Introduction to Algorithms , 2021, Nature-Inspired Optimization Algorithms.

[30]  Luís Paquete,et al.  On Beam Search for Multicriteria Combinatorial Optimization Problems , 2012, CPAIOR.

[31]  Ian F. Akyildiz,et al.  Wireless underground sensor networks: Research challenges , 2006, Ad Hoc Networks.

[32]  A. Bach.  Boltzmann's probability distribution of 1877 , 1990, Archive for History of Exact Sciences.

[33]  Imran Khan,et al.  Wireless sensor network virtualization: A survey , 2015, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.

[34]  Abdelkamel Tari,et al.  QoS-based routing in Wireless Body Area Networks: a survey and taxonomy , 2018, Computing.

[35]  Maode Ma,et al.  Optimal Relay Node Placement for Connectivity Recovery in Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks , 2018, 2018 IEEE International Conference on Information Communication and Signal Processing (ICICSP).

[36]  Takuro Sato,et al.  Localization in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey on Algorithms, Measurement Techniques, Applications and Challenges , 2017, J. Sens. Actuator Networks.

[37]  Sayyada Hajera Begum,et al.  A Survey on Cluster Based Routing Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks , 2015 .

[38]  Sriram Chellappan,et al.  Defending Wireless Sensor Networks against Adversarial Localization , 2010, 2010 Eleventh International Conference on Mobile Data Management.

[39]  Stefano Basagni,et al.  Heuristics for Lifetime Maximization in Wireless Sensor Networks with Multiple Mobile Sinks , 2009, 2009 IEEE International Conference on Communications.

[40]  Bo Yuan,et al.  A hybrid clustering and evolutionary approach for wireless underground sensor network lifetime maximization , 2019, Inf. Sci..

[41]  Halil Yetgin,et al.  A Survey of Network Lifetime Maximization Techniques in Wireless Sensor Networks , 2017, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.

[42]  Geoffrey Y. Li,et al.  Cross-layer optimization for energy-efficient wireless communications: a survey , 2009, Wirel. Commun. Mob. Comput..

[43]  Aline Baggio,et al.  Wireless sensor networks in precision agriculture , 2005 .

[44]  Geetika Dhand,et al.  Data Aggregation Techniques in WSN:Survey , 2016 .

[45]  Kenneth N. Brown,et al.  A fault-tolerant relay placement algorithm for ensuring k vertex-disjoint shortest paths in wireless sensor networks , 2014, Ad Hoc Networks.