Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells: Physical Principles of Materials and Operation

Contents Preface Introduction Global Energy Challenge Towards an Age of Electrochemistry Energy Conversion in Chemistry, Biology, and Electrochemistry Principles of Electrochemical Energy Conversion Sleeping Beauty: 100 Years Is Not Enough! Polarization Curves and "Moore's Law" of Fuel Cells About This Book Basic Concepts Fuel Cell Principle and Basic Layout Fuel Cell Thermodynamics Mass Transport Processes Potentials Heat Production and Transport Brief Discourse on Fuel Cell Electrocatalysis Key Materials in PEFC: Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Key Materials in PEFC: Porous Composite Electrodes Performance of Type I Electrodes Space Scales in Fuel Cell Modeling Polymer Electrolyte Membranes Introduction State of Understanding Polymer Electrolyte Membranes The Theory and Modeling of Structure Formation in PEMs Water Sorption and Swelling of PEMs Proton Transport Electro-Osmotic Drag Concluding Remarks Catalyst Layer Structure and Operation Powerhouses of PEM Fuel Cells Theory and Modeling of Porous Electrodes How to Evaluate Structure of CCL? State-of-the-Art in Theory and Modeling: Multiple Scales Nanoscale Phenomena in Fuel Cell Electrocatalysis Electrocatalysis of the Oxygen Reduction Reaction at Platinum ORR in Water-Filled Nanopores: Electrostatic Effects Structure Formation in Catalyst Layers and Effective Properties Structural Model and Effective Properties of Conventional CCL Concluding Remarks Modeling of Catalyst Layer Performance Framework of Catalyst Layer Performance Modeling Model of Transport and Reaction in Cathode MHM with Constant Coefficients: Analytical Solutions Ideal Proton Transport Ideal Oxygen Transport Weak Oxygen Transport Limitation Polarization Curves for Small to Medium Oxygen Transport Loss Remarks to Sections 4.4-4.7 Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Electrodes Optimal Catalyst Layer Heat Flux from the Catalyst Layer Applications Introduction PEM in Fuel Cell Modeling Dynamic Water Sorption and Flux in PEMs Membrane in Fuel Cell Modeling Performance Modeling of a Fuel Cell Impedance Model of a Single Water-Filled Nanopore Physical Modeling of Catalyst Layer Impedance Impedance of the Cathode Side of a PEM Fuel Cell Carbon Corrosion due to Feed Maldistribution Dead Spots in the PEM Fuel Cell Anode Tables Bibliography Abbreviations Index Nomenclature