Models and computer codes for evaluating environmental radiation doses

Prior to the issuance of construction permits or operating licenses for nuclear power reactors, the U. S. Atomic Enengy Commission is required by the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 to prepare Detalled Environmental Impact Statements. These statements contain analyses of the balance between benefits and costs of the proposed action, including the radiological impact of operation of the facillty. Methods for computing environmental radiation doses are described. A simplified model for calculation of radiation doses from radioactive effluents was developed and programmed into a conversational language, providing the fast turnaround time required. The new model is divided into four independent parts, each written as a separate program: ARRRG: calculates individual and population doses from liquid effluents; CRITR: calculates internal radiation doses to four common classes of aquatic organisms and to onganisms which consume them; FOOD: calculates doses from consumption of food crops and animal products produced on irrigated farms; and GRONK: calculates doses from gaseous effluents, to individuals and to the total population within 50 miles. The model can be used to calculate radiation doses to the total body and selected organs of individuals and population groups, and to organisms other than man. It includes all air and liquidmore » exposure pathways thought to be significant and for which a reasonable amount of supportlng data is available. Internal doses to man are based on a 1-year radionuclide intake, assuming no prior accumulation in the body. The radionuclide content of ingested food is assumed to be at equilibrium with the environment. This paper discusses the models in detail and describes the programs ARRRG, CRITR and GRONK; the program FOOD is still being developed and is not included in this report. (CH)« less